Answer:
Ion exchange.
Explanation:
One of the ways in which water can be treated is through the process known as ION EXCHANGE. Using this for treating water has to do basically with the transfer or say the exchange of ions.
Ion exchanges is done by exchanging ions which are considered as 'unfit' or contaminants by the ones that are "fit".
Ions from what is known as zeolite or resin is been exchanged with the ions in the water. Cations are exchanged with cations and anions are exchanged with anions.
NB: this method is a good method or removing contaminants that are ions but not contaminants that are not ions.
Answer:
The chemical potential of 2-propanol in solution relative to that of pure 2-propanol is lower by 2.63x10⁻³.
Explanation:
The chemical potential of 2-propanol in solution relative to that of pure 2-propanol can be calculated using the following equation:
<u>Where:</u>
<em>μ (l): is the chemical potential of 2-propanol in solution </em>
<em>μ° (l): is the chemical potential of pure 2-propanol </em>
<em>R: is the gas constant = 8.314 J K⁻¹ mol⁻¹ </em>
<em>T: is the temperature = 82.3 °C = 355.3 K </em>
<em>x: is the mole fraction of 2-propanol = 0.41 </em>
Therefore, the chemical potential of 2-propanol in solution relative to that of pure 2-propanol is lower by 2.63x10⁻³.
I hope it helps you!
Answer:
Separation technique used to separate mud and water without heating:
<u>Sedimentation-Decantation</u>
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Explanation:
<em>1.The settling of the heavier particle at the bottom when the container is left undisturbed is called </em><u><em>sedimentation.</em></u>
<u><em></em></u>
<u><em>In a mixture of Mud and water :</em></u>
In this process the heavy mud particles settle at the bottom due to their high density .
2. Decantation : It is the process of pouring out the upper clear layer of the light particles.
<u><em>In a mixture of Mud and water :</em></u>
The water is lighter and form a clear layer over the settled mud particles. Hence by decantation the clear water is poured into a clean separate container
Thus mud remain in the bottom and the mixture is separated
Answer:
The coefficient of thermal expansion describes how the size of an object changes with a change in temperature. ... In general, substances expand or contract when their temperature changes, with expansion or contraction occurring in all directions.
<u>Given</u>:
Wavelength (λ) of the laser pulse = 545 nm = 5.45 * 10⁻⁹ m
Total energy of pulse = 4.85 mJ
<u>To determine:</u>
The number of photons in the laser of a given energy
<u>Explanation:</u>
Energy per photon (E) = hc/λ
where h = planck's constant = 6.626 *10⁻³⁴ Js
C = speed of light = 3*10⁸ m/s
λ = wavelength
E = 6.626 *10⁻³⁴ Js* 3*10⁸ms-1 /5.45 * 10⁻⁹ m = 3.65 * 10⁻¹⁹ J
Now,
# photons = total energy/Energy per photon
= 4.85 * 10⁻³ J* 1 photon / 3.65 * 10⁻¹⁹ J = 1.32 * 10¹⁶ photons
Ans: the laser pulse contains 1.32 * 10¹⁶ photons
