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Korvikt [17]
2 years ago
11

A 95-kg astronaut is stranded from his space shuttle. He throws a 2-kg hammer away from the shuttle with a velocity of 19 m/s .

How fast will he be propelled toward the shuttle, in m/s ? (Round your answer to one decimal place if necessary )
Physics
1 answer:
geniusboy [140]2 years ago
5 0

Answer:

The astronaut will be propelled towards the shuttle at the rate of 0.4 m/s.

Explanation:

Given;

mass of  the astronaut, m₁ = 95 kg

mass of the hammer thrown, m₂ = 2 kg

velocity of the hammer, v₂ = 19 m/s

let the recoil velocity of the shuttle = v₁

Apply the principle of conservation of linear momentum;

m₁v₁ = m₂v₂

v₁ = m₂v₂/m₁

v₁ = (2 x 19) / 95

v₁ = 0.4 m/s

Therefore, the astronaut will be propelled towards the shuttle at the rate of 0.4 m/s.

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A rigid, insulated tank whose volume is 10 L is initially evacuated. A pinhole leak develops and air from the surroundings at 1
balandron [24]

Answer:

The answer is "143.74^{\circ} \ C , 8.36\ g, and \ 2.77\ \frac{K}{J}"

Explanation:

For point a:

Energy balance equation:

\frac{dU}{dt}= Q-Wm_ih_i-m_eh_e\\\\

W=0\\\\Q=0\\\\m_e=0

From the above equation:

\frac{dU}{dt}=0-0+m_ih_i-0\\\\\Delta U=\int^{2}_{1}m_ih_idt\\\\

because the rate of air entering the tank that is h_i constant.

\Delta U = h_i \int^{2}_{1} m_i dt \\\\= h_i(m_2 -m_1)\\\\m_2u_2-m_1u_2=h_i(M_2-m_1)\\\\

Since the tank was initially empty and the inlet is constant hence, m_2u-0=h_1(m_2-0)\\\\m_2u_2=h_1m_2\\\\u_2=h_1\\\\

Interpolate the enthalpy between T = 300 \ K \ and\ T=295\ K. The surrounding air  

temperature:

T_1= 25^{\circ}\ C\ (298.15 \ K)\\\\\frac{h_{300 \ K}-h_{295\ K}}{300-295}= \frac{h_{300 \ K}-h_{1}}{300-295.15}

Substituting the value from ideal gas:

\frac{300.19-295.17}{300-295}=\frac{300.19-h_{i}}{300-298.15}\\\\h_i= 298.332 \ \frac{kJ}{kg}\\\\Now,\\\\h_i=u_2\\\\u_2=h_i=298.33\ \frac{kJ}{kg}

Follow the ideal gas table.

The u_2= 298.33\ \frac{kJ}{kg} and between temperature T =410 \ K \ and\  T=240\ K.

Interpolate

\frac{420-410}{u_{240\ k} -u_{410\ k}}=\frac{420-T_2}{u_{420 k}-u_2}

Substitute values from the table.

 \frac{420-410}{300.69-293.43}=\frac{420-T_2}{{u_{420 k}-u_2}}\\\\T_2=416.74\ K\\\\=143.74^{\circ} \ C\\\\

For point b:

Consider the ideal gas equation.  therefore, p is pressure, V is the volume, m is mass of gas. \bar{R} \ is\  \frac{R}{M} (M is the molar mass of the  gas that is 28.97 \ \frac{kg}{mol} and R is gas constant), and T is the temperature.

n=\frac{pV}{TR}\\\\

=\frac{(1.01 \times 10^5 \ Pa) \times (10\ L) (\frac{10^{-3} \ m^3}{1\ L})}{(416.74 K) (\frac{8.314 \frac{J}{mol.k} }{2897\ \frac{kg}{mol})}}\\\\=8.36\ g\\\\

For point c:

 Entropy is given by the following formula:

\Delta S = mC_v \In \frac{T_2}{T_1}\\\\=0.00836 \ kg \times 1.005 \times 10^{3} \In (\frac{416.74\ K}{298.15\ K})\\\\=2.77 \ \frac{J}{K}

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A motorboat traveling with a current can go 160 km in 4 hours. against the current it takes 5 hours to go the same distance. Fin
MatroZZZ [7]
<h2>Speed of motorboat is 36 km/hr and speed of current is 4 km/hr.</h2>

Explanation:

Let speed of motor boat be m and speed of current be c.

A motorboat traveling with a current can go 160 km in 4 hours.

   Distance = 160 km

   Time = 4 hours

    Speed = m + c

   We have

            Distance = Speed x Time

            160 = (m+c) x 4

            m + c = 40     --------------------- eqn 1

Against the current it takes 5 hours to go the same distance.

   Distance = 160 km

   Time = 5 hours

    Speed = m - c

   We have

            Distance = Speed x Time

            160 = (m-c) x 5

            m - c = 32     --------------------- eqn 2

eqn 1 + eqn 2

           2m = 40 + 32

             m = 36 km/hr

Substituting in eqn 1

               36 + c = 40

                      c = 4 km/hr

Speed of motorboat is 36 km/hr and speed of current is 4 km/hr.

3 0
3 years ago
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