Air trapped in a cylinder fitted with a piston occupies 145.7 mL at 1.08 atm pressure.

What factors affect the dynamic state of equilibrium in a chemical reaction and how?

yanalaym [24]

Answer:

Only changes in temperature will influence the equilibrium constant $K_c$ . The system will shift in response to certain external shocks. At the new equilibrium $Q$ will still be equal to $K_c$ , but the final concentrations will be different.

The question is asking for sources of the shocks that will influence the value of $Q$ . For most reversible reactions:

External changes in the relative concentration of the products and reactants.

For some reversible reactions that involve gases:

Changes in pressure due to volume changes.

Catalysts do not influence the value of $Q$ . See explanation.

Explanation:

$\displaystyle K_c = {e}^{\Delta G/(R\cdot T)}$ .

Similar to the rate constant, the equilibrium constant $K_c$ depends only on:

$\Delta G$ the standard Gibbs energy change of the reaction, and
$T$ the absolute temperature (in degrees Kelvins.)

The reversible reaction is in a dynamic equilibrium when the rate of the forward reaction is equal to the rate of the backward reaction. Reactants are constantly converted to products; products are constantly converted back to reactants. However, at equilibrium $Q = K_c$ the two processes balance each other. The concentration of each species will stay the same.

Factors that alter the rate of one reaction more than the other will disrupt the equilibrium. These factors shall change the rate of successful collisions and hence the reaction rate.

Changes in concentration influence the number of particles per unit space.
Changes in temperature influence both the rate of collision and the percentage of particles with sufficient energy of reaction.

For reactions that involve gases,

Changing the volume of the container will change the concentration of gases and change the reaction rate.

However, there are cases where the number of gases particles on the reactant side and the product side are equal. Rates of the forward and backward reaction will change by the same extent. In such cases, there will not be a change in the final concentrations. Similarly, catalysts change the two rates by the same extent and will not change the final concentrations. Adding noble gases will also change the pressure. However, concentrations stay the same and the equilibrium position will not change.

8 0

3 years ago

What is the formula mass for sodium chloride?

Zigmanuir [339]

Atomic mass of sodium is 22.9 g/mol
atomic mass of chloride is 35.45 g/mol
sodium chloride is 22.99 + 35.45= 58.44 g/mol

3 0

3 years ago

Name the functional group in the

8_murik_8 [283]

It’s called Diethyl ether so I think the answer is D

8 0

3 years ago

Which is the metric standard for measuring energy? Which unit is used for specific heat capacity? If you wanted to compare the a

DENIUS [597]

1. Which is the metric standard for measuring energy?

The metric standard for measuring of energy defined by the International System of Units is the joule (J), which is defined as the work done by a force of a newton in a displacement of one meter in the direction of force. So,

1 J = 1 N m = 1 kg·m²/s²

Calorie is also frequently used in scientific and technological applications. Calorie is a unit of thermal energy that is equivalent to the amount of heat needed to raise the temperature of 1 gram of water by 1 degree Celsius.

1 cal = 4,184 J

2. Which unit is used for specific heat capacity?

The specific heat capacity (c) is a physical quantity that is defined as the amount of heat (q) that must be supplied to the mass unit of a thermodynamic substance or system to raise its temperature by one unit. So,

c = q / m ΔT

where m is the mass of the substance and ΔT is the temperature increase.

In this way, as heat is a form of energy, the International System of Units expresses the specific heat in joules per kilogram and per kelvin (J kg⁻¹ K⁻¹). Another common unit, not belonging to the SI, is the calorie per gram and per degree centigrade (cal g⁻¹ ° C⁻¹).

3. If you wanted to compare the abilities of olive oil and peanut oil to gain or lose thermal energy, which unit would you use?

You should use units of specific heat capacity (J kg⁻¹ K⁻¹) since, as mentioned above, this is a physical quantity that measures the amount of heat that must be supplied to an specific mass of a substance or system to raise its temperature.

Heat is a thermal energy, so by using heat capacity units you can compare the ability of olive oil and peanut oil to gain or lose thermal energy by varying its temperature.

3 0

3 years ago

Read 2 more answers

You are working in a lab when radiation alarms go off. You are able to hide inside a steel cabinet, whose sides are about 1.5 in

dusya [7]

Answer:

Its either B or C (in my opinion)

6 0

3 years ago