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kotegsom [21]
3 years ago
11

Una caja con medicina es lanzada desde un avión localizado a una distancia vertical de 340 m por encima de un río. Si el avión l

leva una velocidad horizontal de 70 m/s¿Qué distancia horizontal recorrerá la caja con medicina antes de caer al río?
Physics
1 answer:
a_sh-v [17]3 years ago
4 0

Answer:

La distancia horizontal que recorrerá la caja con medicina antes de caer al río es 583.1 metros.

Explanation:

Una caja con medicina es lanzada desde un avión localizado a una distancia vertical de 340 m por encima de un río.  Este movimiento posee una composición en dos dimensiones: uno horizontal sin aceleración, y el otro vertical con aceleración constante debido a la gravedad.  Por lo que se trata de un movimiento rectilíneo uniforme (MRU) en su trayectoria horizontal o eje horizontal (es decir, su velocidad es constante) y un movimiento uniformemente variado (MRUV) en su trayectoria vertical o en el eje vertical (es decir, su aceleración es constante).

En este caso, son conocidos los datos, considerando el sistema de referencia de la imagen:

  • Vy = 0 m/s (trayectoria vertical)
  • Vx = 70m/s (velocidad horizontal)  
  • hi = 340 m (altura inicial)
  • g = -9,8 m/s²
  • hf = 0 m (altura final. Cuando la caja de medicina cae al río, su altura será 0 m)

En el caso del MRUV, la posición puede calcularse mediante la expresión:

Posición final= Posición inicial + Velocidad inicial*t + \frac{1}{2}*a*t²

donde a es la aceleración y t el tiempo transcurrido.

En este caso, reemplazando los datos conocidos, teniendo en cuenta que el MRUV sucede en la trayectoria vertical y que la aceleración es el valor de la gravedad:

0 m= 340 m + 0 m/s*t + \frac{1}{2}* (-9.8 m/s²)* t²

Resolviendo:

-340 m= \frac{1}{2}* (-9.8 m/s²)* t²

\frac{-340 m}{\frac{1}{2} *(9.8\frac{m}{s^{2} } )} =t^{2}

69.39 s²= t²

t= √69.39 s²

t= 8.33 s

La posición en MRU se obtiene mediante:

Posición final= Posición inicial + velocidad* tiempo

Con los datos conocidos y el tiempo calculado previamente, es posible calcular la distancia horizontal que recorrerá la caja con medicina antes de caer al río, siendo la posición inicial en x igual a cero:

Posición final= 0 m + 70m/s* 8.33 s

Posición final= 583.1 m

<u><em>La distancia horizontal que recorrerá la caja con medicina antes de caer al río es 583.1 metros.</em></u>

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