pH is referred to as the scale to describe the hydronium ion concentration of a
solution. It is used to measure the acidity or basicity of a solution. pH of an acidic solution is less than 7, a neutral solution is 7, and a basic solution is greater than 7.
pH can be calculated using the formula:
![pH = - log [H_{3}O^{+}]](https://tex.z-dn.net/?f=%20pH%20%3D%20-%20log%20%5BH_%7B3%7DO%5E%7B%2B%7D%5D%20%20%20)
Given the pH of solution is 3.2.
Finding out the concentration of hydronium ion from pH.
![pH = - log[H_{3}O^{+}]](https://tex.z-dn.net/?f=%20pH%20%3D%20-%20log%5BH_%7B3%7DO%5E%7B%2B%7D%5D)
![3.2 = - log [H_{3}O^{+}]](https://tex.z-dn.net/?f=%203.2%20%3D%20-%20log%20%5BH_%7B3%7DO%5E%7B%2B%7D%5D%20%20%20)
![[H_{3}O^{+}] = 10^{-3.2}](https://tex.z-dn.net/?f=%20%5BH_%7B3%7DO%5E%7B%2B%7D%5D%20%3D%2010%5E%7B-3.2%7D%20%20%20%20)
![[H_{3}O^{+}] = 6.3 * 10^{-4} M](https://tex.z-dn.net/?f=%20%5BH_%7B3%7DO%5E%7B%2B%7D%5D%20%3D%20%20%206.3%20%2A%2010%5E%7B-4%7D%20M%20%20)
Therefore, the hydronium ion concetration of the solution is 
These are both physical changes can I get a brain list please
The statement is true. The octet rule refers to the general rule of thumb wherein atoms of main-group elements tend to bond with other atoms in such a way that each atom possesses eight electrons (octet) in their valence shell. They tend to form the same electronic configuration as the noble gases. However, there are some exceptions to this rule. One of which is silane, SiH₄. A hydrogen atom only has 1 valence electron and needs another electron to complete its energy level. This is unlike other atoms, for example, carbon which has 4 valence electrons and needs to form 4 covalent bonds to fill its energy levels. Thus, 4 hydrogen atoms need only 4 more electrons. This is given by the silicon atom which has 4 valence electrons. Therefore, when a silicon atom is bonded to 4 hydrogen atoms, the resulting molecule, SiH₄, is a stable one.
Answer: Option (b) is the correct answer.
Explanation:
Kinetic energy is defined as the energy obtained by the molecules of an object due to their motion.
Also, it is known that kinetic energy is directly proportional to temperature.
Mathematically, K.E = 
where, T = temperature
Whereas potential energy is defined as the energy obtained by an object due to its position.
Mathematically, P.E = mgh
where, m = mass
g = acceleration due to gravity
h = height
Therefore, in the given curve when temperature remains constant then kinetic energy of molecules will also remain.
Hence, we can conclude that the segment QR represents an increase in the potential energy, but no change in the kinetic energy.