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Naddik [55]
2 years ago
9

For each process, predict the sign on the entropy change and write a sentence or two to explain how to make this prediction with

out completing any mathematics. a.A solid melts. b.A vapor is converted into a solid. CH 117 Recitation Name: _________________________________ ~ 196 ~ c.A liquid freezes. d.A solid sublimes e.A vapor condenses to a liquid. f.A liquid boils. g.Dissolving a tablespoon of salt in water. h.Combustion of gasoline.
Chemistry
1 answer:
MrRa [10]2 years ago
6 0

Answer: a. A solid melts: \Delta S=+ve

b. a vapor is converted to solid: \Delta S=-ve

c. a liquid freezes:  \Delta S=-ve

d. A solid sublimes:  \Delta S=+ve

e.  a vapor condenses to liquid :  \Delta S=-ve

f. a liquid boils:   \Delta S=+ve

g. dissolving a tablespoon of salt in water:  \Delta S=+ve

h. combustion of gasoline:  \Delta S=+ve

Explanation:

Entropy is the measure of randomness or disorder of a system. If a system moves from  an ordered arrangement to a disordered arrangement, the entropy change is negative and vice versa.

a. A solid melts: The solid is converting to liquid, thus the randomness is increasing as the molecules are moving away and the intermolecular forces are getting weaker. Thus the entropy change (\Delta S) is positive.

b. a vapor is converted to solid: The gas  is converting to solid, thus the randomness is decreasing as the molecules are moving close and the intermolecular forces are getting stronger Thus the entropy change (\Delta S) is negative.

c. a liquid freezes: The liquid is converting to solid, thus the randomness is decreasing as the molecules are moving close and the intermolecular forces are getting stronger. Thus the entropy change (\Delta S) is negative.

d. A solid sublimes: The solid is converting to gas, thus the randomness is increasing as the molecules are moving away and the intermolecular forces are getting weaker. Thus the entropy change (\Delta S) is positive.

e.  a vapor condenses to liquid : The gas  is converting to liquid, thus the randomness is decreasing as the molecules are moving close and the intermolecular forces are getting stronger. Thus the entropy change (\Delta S) is negative.

f. a liquid boils: The liquid is converting to gas, thus the randomness is increasing as the molecules are moving away and the intermolecular forces are getting weaker. Thus the entropy change (\Delta S) is positive.

g. dissolving a tablespoon of salt in water: The solid is converting to ions , thus the randomness is increasing as the ions can move freely. Thus the entropy change (\Delta S) is positive.

h. combustion of gasoline: The liquid is converting to gas, thus the randomness is increasing as the molecules are moving away and the intermolecular forces are getting weaker. Thus the entropy change (\Delta S) is positive.

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Find the number of chromium ions in 3.5 mol of chromium ions.
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Answer:

2.1 x 10^24 Cr ions

Explanation:

You  need to multiply the 3.5 mol by the Avogrado's number (6.022 x 10^23) to get your answer.

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3 years ago
The law of conservation of mass is applicable to
katrin2010 [14]

Answer:

The law of conservation of mass states that in a closed system, mass is neither created nor destroyed during a chemical or physical reaction. The law of conservation of mass is applied whenever you balance a chemical equation.

Explanation:

According to the law of conservation of mass, the mass of the products in a chemical reaction must equal the mass of the reactants.

The law of conservation of mass is useful for a number of calculations and can be used to solve for unknown masses, such the amount of gas consumed or produced during a reaction.

It is applicable in a chemical when the the mass of the products in a chemical reaction is equal to  the mass of the reactants.

But it is not applicable in a nuclear fusion as some of the mass is generated as energy.

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3 years ago
What do Potassium and Krypton have in common and what are their differences based on their location on the periodic table?
andreev551 [17]

Common based on their location in Periodic Table;

Potassium has an atomic number 19. Its electronic configuration is as follow;

                                       1s², 2s², 2p⁶, 3s², 3p⁶, 4s¹

And Krypton has an atomic number of 36. Its electronic configuration is as follow;

                                1s², 2s², 2p⁶, 3s², 3p⁶, 4s², 3d¹⁰, 4p⁶

It is concluded that both Potassium and Krypton has their valence electrons in 4rth shell or they have same Principle Quantum Number.

Difference based on their location in Periodic Table;

As observed in electronic configuration Potassium has one valence electron in its valence shell (i.e. 4s¹) while, Krypton has eight valence electrons in its valence shell (i.e. 4s², 4p⁶). Therefore, they are different in the number of valence electrons.

6 0
3 years ago
Calculate the molarity of a solution prepared by diluting 7.0 mL of 4.0 M solution to a volume of 30 mL.
Finger [1]

Considering the definition of dilution, the molarity of a solution prepared by diluting 7.0 mL of 4.0 M solution to a volume of 30 mL is 0.93 mL.

<h3>What is diluion</h3>

First of all, you have to know that when it is desired to prepare a less concentrated solution from a more concentrated one, it is called dilution.

Dilution is the process of reducing the concentration of solute in solution, which is accomplished by simply adding more solvent to the solution at the same amount of solute.

In a dilution the amount of solute does not change, but as more solvent is added, the concentration of the solute decreases, as the volume (and weight) of the solution increases.

A dilution is mathematically expressed as:

Ci×Vi = Cf×Vf

where

  • Ci: initial concentration
  • Vi: initial volume
  • Cf: final concentration
  • Vf: final volume

<h3>Molarity of the solution in this case</h3>

In this case, you know:

  • Ci= 4 M
  • Vi= 7 mL
  • Cf= ?
  • Vf= 30 mL

Replacing in the definition of dilution:

4 M× 7 mL= Cf× 30 mL

Solving:

(4 M× 7 mL)÷ 30 mL= Cf

<u><em>Cf= 0.93 mL</em></u>

In summary, the molarity of a solution prepared by diluting 7.0 mL of 4.0 M solution to a volume of 30 mL is 0.93 mL.

Learn more about dilution:

brainly.com/question/20113402

brainly.com/question/22762236

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