Five major.
From lowest to highest, the major layers are the troposphere, stratosphere, mesosphere, thermosphere and exosphere. Troposphere.
Answer: The new volume of the air in the syringe is 7.3 mL.
Explanation:
Given: 
= 2.0 mL, 
= 1.02 atm, 
= ?, 
= 1.27 atm, 
Formula used to calculate the new volume in syringe is as follows.
Substitute the values into above formula as follows.
Thus, we can conclude that the new volume of the air in the syringe is 7.3 mL.
Answer:
<em>C. The electron-withdrawing fluorine atoms pull electron density from the oxygen in trifluoroacetate. The negative charge is more stabilized in trifluoroacetate by this effect.</em>
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Explanation:
<em>The structures of trifluoroacetate and acetic acid are both shown in the image attached.</em>
<em>The trifluoroacetate anion (CF3CO2-), just like the acetate anion has in the middle, two oxygen atoms.</em>
<em>However, in the trifluoroacetate anion, there are also three electronegative fluorine atoms attached to the nearby carbon atom attached to the carbonyl, and these pull some electron density through the sigma bonding network away from the oxygen atoms, thereby spreading out the negative charge further. This effect, called the "inductive effect" stabilizes the anion formed,the trifouoroacetate anion is thus more stabilized than the acetate anion.</em>
<em>Hence, trifluoroacetic acid is a stronger acid than acetic acid, having a pKa of -0.18.</em>
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<u><em>Hope this helps!</em></u>
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Mg reducing agent and Cu oxidising agent.
