The alchemists were trying to convert lead and copper into gold.
Answer:
, the minus meaning west.
Explanation:
We know that linear momentum must be conserved, so it will be the same before (
) and after (
) the explosion. We will take the east direction as positive.
Before the explosion we have
.
After the explosion we have pieces 1 and 2, so
.
These equations must be vectorial but since we look at the instants before and after the explosions and the bomb fragments in only 2 pieces the problem can be simplified in one dimension with direction east-west.
Since we know momentum must be conserved we have:

Which means (since we want
and
):

So for our values we have:

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Answer:
given,
mass of copper = 100 g
latent heat of liquid (He) = 2700 J/l
a) change in energy
Q = m Cp (T₂ - T₁)
Q = 0.1 × 376.812 × (300 - 4)
Q = 11153.63 J
He required
Q = m L
11153.63 = m × 2700
m = 4.13 kg
b) Q = m Cp (T₂ - T₁)
Q = 0.1 × 376.812 × (78 - 4)
Q = 2788.41 J
He required
Q = m L
2788.41 = m × 2700
m = 1.033 kg
c) Q = m Cp (T₂ - T₁)
Q = 0.1 × 376.812 × (20 - 4)
Q = 602.90 J
He required
Q = m L
602.9 = m × 2700
m =0.23 kg