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Natali [406]
3 years ago
14

Cual es la fuerza electrica sobre el electrón (-1.6 x 10¹⁹c) de un atomo de hidrógeno ejercida por el protón (1.6 x 10¹⁹c)? Supó

ngase que la distancia entre el electrón y el proton es de 5.3 x 10¹¹ m
Physics
1 answer:
kkurt [141]3 years ago
6 0

Answer:

La  fuerza eléctrica es -8.2*10⁻⁸ N

Explanation:

El enunciado correcto es: <em>¿Cuál es la fuerza eléctrica sobre el electrón (-1.6 x 10⁻¹⁹c) de un átomo de hidrógeno ejercida por el protón (1.6 x 10⁻¹⁹c)? Supóngase que la distancia entre el electrón y el protón es de 5.3 x 10⁻¹¹ m</em>

Entre dos o más cargas aparece una fuerza denominada fuerza eléctrica. Su valor depende del valor de las cargas y de la distancia que las separa, mientras que su signo depende del signo de cada carga. Las cargas del mismo signo se repelen entre sí, mientras que las de distinto signo se atraen.

La fuerza eléctrica con la que se atraen o repelen dos cargas puntuales en reposo es directamente proporcional al producto de las mismas e inversamente proporcional al cuadrado de la distancia que las separa:

F=K*\frac{q1*q2}{d^{2} }

donde:

  • F es la fuerza eléctrica de atracción o repulsión. En el Sistema Internacional (S.I.) se mide en Newtons (N).
  • q1 y q2 son lo valores de las dos cargas puntuales. En el S.I. se miden en Culombios (C).
  • d es el valor de la distancia que las separa. En el S.I. se mide en metros (m).
  • K es una constante de proporcionalidad llamada constante de la ley de Coulomb. Depende del medio en el que se encuentren las cargas. Para el vacío K tiene un valor aproximadamente de 9*10⁹ \frac{N*m^{2} }{C^{2} }.

En este caso:

  • F=?
  • K= 9*10⁹ \frac{N*m^{2} }{C^{2} }
  • q1= -1.6*10⁻¹⁹ C
  • q2= 1.6*10⁻¹⁹ C
  • d= 5.3*10⁻¹¹ m

Reemplazando:

F=9*10^{9} \frac{N*m^{2} }{C^{2} }*\frac{(-1.6*10^{19} C)*(1.6*10^{19} C)}{(5.3*10^{-11} )^{2} }

Resolviendo:

F= -8.2*10⁻⁸ N

<u><em>La  fuerza eléctrica es -8.2*10⁻⁸ N</em></u>

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Two spherical shells have a common center. A -2.1 10-6 C charge is spread uniformly over the inner shell, which has a radius of
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a) E_total = 6,525 10⁴ N /C ,field direction is radial outgoing

b)  E_total = 1.89 10⁶ N / C, field is incoming radial

c) E_total = 0

Explanetion:

For this exercise we can use that the charge in a spherical shell can be considered concentrated at its center and that the electric field inside the shell is zero, since Gauss's law is

                Ф = E .dA = q_{int} /ε₀

inside the spherical shell there are no charges

The electric field is a vector quantity, so we calculate the field created by each shell and add it vectorly.

We have two sphere shells with radii 0.050m and 0.15m respectively

a) point where you want to know the electric field d = 0.20 m

shell 1

the point is on the outside,d>ro,  therefore we can consider the charge to be concentrated in the center

            E₁ = k q₁ / d²

             

shell 2

the point is on the outside,d>ro

             E₂ = k q₂ / d²

the total camp is

              E_total = -E₁ + E₂

              E_total = k ( \frac{-q_1 + q_2}{d^2})

              E_total = 9 10⁹ (-2.1 10⁻⁶+ 5 10⁻⁶ / .2²

              E_total = 6,525 10⁵ N /C

The field direction is radial and outgoing ti the shells

b) the calculation point is d = 0.10m

shell 1

point outside the shell d> ro

                 E₁ = k q₁ / d²

shell 2

the point is inside the shell d <ro

Therefore, according to Gauss's law, since there are no charges in the interior, the electrioc field is zero

                E₂ = 0

               

                 E_total = E₁

                 E_total = k q₁ / d²

                 E_total = 9 10⁹ 2.1 10⁻⁶ / 0.1²

                 E_total = 1.89 10⁶ N / A

As the charge is negative, this field is incoming radial, that is, it is directed towards the shell 1

c) the point of interest d = 0.025 m

shell 1

point  is inside the shell d< ro

                 

as there are no charges inside

                     E₁ = 0

shell 2

point is inside the radius of the shell d <ro

                    E₂ = 0

the total field is

                    E_total = 0

3 0
2 years ago
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