Answer:
First, the different indices of refraction must be taken into account (in different media): for example, the refractive index of light in a vacuum is 1 (since vacuum = c). The value of the refractive index of the medium is a measure of its "optical density": Light spreads at maximum speed in a vacuum but slower in others transparent media; therefore in all of them n> 1. Examples of typical values of are those of air (1,0003), water (1.33), glass (1.46 - 1.66) or diamond (2.42).
The refractive index has a maximum value and a minimum value, which we can calculate the minimum value by means of the following explanation:
The limit or minimum angle, α lim, is defined as the angle of refraction from which the refracted ray disappears and all the light is reflected. As in the maximum value of angle of refraction, from which everything is reflected, is βmax = 90º, we can know the limit angle (the minimum angle that we would have to have to know the minimum index of refraction) by Snell's law:
βmax = 90º ⇒ n 1x sin α (lim) = n 2 ⇒ sin α lim = n 2 / n 1
Explanation:
When a light ray strikes the separation surface between two media different, the incident beam is divided into three: the most intense penetrates the second half forming the refracted ray, another is reflected on the surface and the third is breaks down into numerous weak beams emerging from the point of incidence in all directions, forming a set of stray light beams.
Answer:
Molecules are made up of atoms that are held together by chemical bonds. These bonds form as a result of the sharing or exchange of electrons among atoms. The atoms of certain elements readily bond with other atoms to form molecules. ... The element helium is a one-atom molecule.
The significant figures also known as the significant digits or precision of a number written in positional notation are digits that carry meaningful contributions to its measurements
Answer: -0.84 rad/sec (clockwise)
Explanation:
Assuming no external torques act on the system (man + turntable), total angular momentum must be conserved:
L1 = L2
L1 = It ω + mm. v . r = 81.0 kg . m2 .21 rad/s – 56.0 kg. 3.1m/s . 3.1 m
L1 = -521.15 kg.m2/sec (1)
(Considering to the man as a particle that is moving opposite to the rotation of the turntable, so the sign is negative).
Once at rest, the runner is only a point mass with a given rotational inertia respect from the axis of rotation, that can be expressed as follows:
Im = m. r2 = 56.0 kg. (3.1m)2 = 538.16 kg.m2
The total angular momentum, once the runner has come to an stop, can be written as follows:
L2= (It + Im) ωf = -521.15 kg.m2/sec
L2= (81.0 kg.m2 + 538.16 kg.m2) ωf = -521.15 kg.m2/sec
Solving for ωf, we get:
ωf = -0.84 rad/sec (clockwise)
This question can be solved from the Kepler's law of planetary motion.
As per this law the square of time period of a planet is proportional to the cube of semi major axis.
Mathematically it can be written as 
⇒
Here K is the proportionality constant.
If 
and
are the orbital periods of the planets and
and 
are the distance of the planets from the sun, then Kepler's law can be written as-
⇒ 
Here we are asked to calculate the the distance of Saturn from sun.It can solved by comparing it with earth.
Let the distance from sun and orbital period of Saturn is denoted as and respectively.
Let the distance from sun and orbital period of earth is denoted as and respectively.
we are given that
we know that 
1 AU and 
1 year.
1 AU is the mean distance of earth from the sun which is equal to 150 million kilometre.
Hence distance of Saturn from sun is calculated as -
From Kepler's law as mentioned above-
=![[1 ]^{3} *\frac{[29.46]^{2} }{[1]^{2} } AU](https://tex.z-dn.net/?f=%5B1%20%5D%5E%7B3%7D%20%2A%5Cfrac%7B%5B29.46%5D%5E%7B2%7D%20%7D%7B%5B1%5D%5E%7B2%7D%20%7D%20AU)
⇒![R_{1} =\sqrt[3]{867.8916}](https://tex.z-dn.net/?f=R_%7B1%7D%20%3D%5Csqrt%5B3%5D%7B867.8916%7D)
=9.5386 AU [ans]
