Answer:
The thickness is 
Explanation:
From the question we are told that
The wavelength is 
The first order of the dark fringe is 
The second order of dark fringe considered is 
Generally the condition for destructive interference is mathematically represented as

Here y is the path difference between the central maxima(i.e the origin) and any dark fringe
So the path difference between the 16th dark fringe and the 6th dark fringe is mathematically represented as

=> 
=> 
=> 
James E. Hansen studied climate change
(a) The plastic rod has a length of L=1.3m. If we divide by 8, we get the length of each piece:

(b) The center of the rod is located at x=0. This means we have 4 pieces of the rod on the negative side of x-axis, and 4 pieces on the positive side. So, starting from x=0 and going towards positive direction, we have: piece 5, piece 6, piece 7 and piece 8. Each piece is 0.1625 m long. Therefore, the center of piece 5 is at 0.1625m/2=0.0812 m. And the center of piece 6 will be shifted by 0.1625m with respect to this:

(c) The total charge is

. To get the charge on each piece, we should divide this value by 8, the number of pieces:

(d) We have to calculate the electric field at x=0.7 generated by piece 6. The charge on piece 6 is the value calculated at point (c):

If we approximate piece 6 as a single charge, the electric field is given by

where

and d is the distance between the charge (center of piece 6, located at 0.2437m) and point a (located at x=0.7m). Therefore we have

poiting towards the center of piece 6, since the charge is negative.
(e) missing details on this question.
Answer:
The coefficient of friction is 0.38.
Explanation:
The free body diagram is drawn below.
Let
be frictional force acting in the backward direction as shown. Let the coefficient of friction be
. Let
be the normal reaction force acting on the bag.
Given:
Mass of the bag is, 
Force acting at
° is 
Acceleration due to gravity is, 
The force F can be resolved into its components as
and 
Therefore,

Now, as there is no acceleration in vertical direction, therefore,
Sum of upward forces = Sum of downward forces

Now, as the bag is moving at a constant speed, so acceleration in the horizontal direction is also zero as acceleration is the rate of change of velocity.
Therefore, backward force = forward force.

Now, frictional force is given as:

Therefore, the coefficient of friction is 0.38.
Answer:
I have no clue I'm just trying to get points
Explanation:
:) sorry