Option D: Chromium would require the most energy to convert one mole of gaseous atoms into gaseous ions each carrying two positive charges.
<h3>What does the term “ionization energy” mean? </h3>
The ionization energy measures an element’s ability for participating in any chemical processes that calls up for the creation of ions or the donation of other electrons.
It is defined as the energy that any electron present in a gaseous atom or ion has in order to absorb so that it comes out of the influence of the nucleus and hence freely move
Ionization energy is also said as the minimum energy required to remove the most loosely bound electron that is present in an isolated gaseous atom or a positive ion or a molecule.
It can be easily connected to the type of chemical bonds that exist between the components in the compounds that they form.
<h3>Which element ionizes most energetically?</h3>
Helium, because it has the highest first ionization energy, whereas francium has one of the lowest.
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This answer is based on the electron configuration.
And you can use Aufbau's rule to predict the atomic number of the next elements.
Radon, Rn is the element number 86.
Following Aufbau's rules, the electron configuration of Rn is: [Xe] 6s2 4f14 5d10 6p6. This means that you are suming 2 + 14 + 10 + 6 = 32 electrons with respect to the element Xe.
You can verity that the atomic number of Xe is 54, so when you add 32 you get 54 + 32 = 86, which is the atomic number of Rn.
Again, as per Aufbau's rules, the next element of the same group or period is when the 6 electrons of the 7p orbital are filled. For that, they have to pass 32 elements whose orbitals are:
7s2 5f14 6d10 7p6: count the electrons added: 2 + 14 + 10 + 6 = 32, and that is why the next element wil have atomic number 86 + 32 = 118.
Now, when you go for a new series, you find a new type of orbital, the g orbital, for which the model predict there are 18 electrons to fill.
So the next element of the group will have ; 2 + 18 + 14 + 10 + 6 = 50 electrons, which means that the atomic number of this, not yet discovered element, has atomic number 118 + 50 = 168.
By the way the element with atomic number 118 was already discovdered at its symbol is Og. You can search that information in internet.
Answers: 118 and 168
The molecular weight of water is <span>18.01528 g/mol.
So in 2.92 grams there are 2.92/</span>18.01528 = 0.1621 mol of particles.
1 mol contains 6,02214 × 10^<span>23 particles by definition.
So the nr of H2O molecules is </span>0.1621 * 6,02214 × 10^23 = 0,9761 × 10^23.
Every molecule has 2 H atoms, so you have to double that.
2* 0,9761 × 10^23 = 1.952 × 10^23.
