Answer:
a. -58 millivolts
Explanation:
The given Nernst equation is:
![E_{ion} = 58 millivolts /z \Big[ log_{10} \Big( \dfrac{[ion]_{out}}{[ion]_{in}}\Big) \Big]}](https://tex.z-dn.net/?f=E_%7Bion%7D%20%3D%2058%20millivolts%20%2Fz%20%5CBig%5B%20log_%7B10%7D%20%5CBig%28%20%5Cdfrac%7B%5Bion%5D_%7Bout%7D%7D%7B%5Bion%5D_%7Bin%7D%7D%5CBig%29%20%5CBig%5D%7D)
The equilibrium potential given by the Nernst equation can be determined by using the formula:
![E_{Cl^-} = \dfrac{2.303*R*T}{ZF} \times log \dfrac{[Cl^-]_{out}} {[Cl^-]_{in}}](https://tex.z-dn.net/?f=E_%7BCl%5E-%7D%20%3D%20%5Cdfrac%7B2.303%2AR%2AT%7D%7BZF%7D%20%5Ctimes%20log%20%5Cdfrac%7B%5BCl%5E-%5D_%7Bout%7D%7D%20%7B%5BCl%5E-%5D_%7Bin%7D%7D)
where:
gas constant(R) = 8.314 J/K/mol
Temperature (T) = (20+273)K
= 298K
Faraday constant F = 96485 C/mol
Number of electron on Cl = -1
Answer:
Explanation:
Li+H2O..................LiOH+H2
mass of Li=17.8 g
No of moles of Li=17.8/7=2.5
mass of H2O=50.0 g
No of moles of H2O=50.0/18=2.8
limiting reagent is Li so 1 mole of Li produce 1 mole of LiOH therefore 2.5 mole of Li produce 2.5 moles of LiOH now we have to convert it into grams
moles=given mass/molar mass
given mass=moles*molar mass
molar mass of LiOH=24
mass=2.5*24=60 gram
Explanation:
Involves combining of nuclei: Nuclear fusion
Nuclear fusion is a radioactive reaction in which small atomic nuclei combines into larger ones with the release of a large amount of energy. The energy released is used to furnish a series of chain reactions.
Produces dangerous radioactive waste: Nuclear fission
Nuclear fission is used in powering most nuclear power plants. The products of these reactions are radioactive in nature. They are very dangerous to human health and the environment at large.
Have high activation energies: Nuclear fusion
The activation energy is the energy barrier that must be overcome before a reaction starts. Nuclear fusion reactions require very high amount of energy input to overcome the activation needed to start the reaction.
Releases large amounts of energy: Nuclear reactions
Both nuclear fusion and fission releases large amount of energy.
Occurs in the stars: Nuclear fusion
Nuclear fusion occurs in stars and they involve the combination of atomic nuclei to form larger ones.
Drives chemical plants: Nuclear fission
Chemical plants uses electricity and nuclear power plants can produce electricity through nuclear fission.
Learn more:
Nuclear reactions brainly.com/question/9566647
#learnwithBrainly
Answer:it means the cell is an hypertonic or high concentration solution
Explanation: osmosis is defined as movement of water from a region of high concentration to a region of low concentration of water.
Now being in a hypertonic solution means the sorrounding solution in a high concentration of the solute which means water is in low in concentration , so osmotic pressure move water from the cell (which has a relatively higher water concentration )to it's sorrounding which has a lower concentration of water, resulting in the shrinking or crenation of the cells.
Answer:
Explanation:Until the past decade, scientists, research institutions, and government agencies relied solely on a system of self-regulation based on shared ethical principles and generally accepted research practices to ensure integrity in the research process. Among the very basic principles that guide scientists, as well as many other scholars, are those expressed as respect for the integrity of knowledge, collegiality, honesty, objectivity, and openness. These principles are at work in the fundamental elements of the scientific method, such as formulating a hypothesis, designing an experiment to test the hypothesis, and collecting and interpreting data. In addition, more particular principles characteristic of specific scientific disciplines influence the methods of observation; the acquisition, storage, management, and sharing of data; the communication of scientific knowledge and information; and the training of younger scientists.1 How these principles are applied varies considerably among the several scientific disciplines, different research organizations, and individual investigators.
