The temperature is constant which makes it the independent variable
Answer:So far scientists have not found a way to determine the exact age of the Earth directly from Earth rocks because Earth's oldest rocks have been recycled and destroyed by the process of plate tectonics. If there are any of Earth's primordial rocks left in their original state, they have not yet been found.
Explanation:
The final volume reading on the graduated cylinder is 12.52ml
Density = mass / volume
Volume = mass / density
Volume of zinc = 2.83/7.14
Volume of zinc = 0.3963
Initial volume = 12.13 ml
Total volume = initial volume+ volume of zinc
Total volume = 12.13 + 0.3963
Total volume = 12.5263 = 12.52 ml
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Answer:
1) Has a smaller radius than oxygen because of the increased electromagnetic attraction of the nuclei
2) Has a smaller radius than chlorine because all the electrons of F have lower energy levels and have less repulsion of other electrons and hence are more attracted to the nuclei .
Explanation:
Further the electrons are from the nuclei , the bigger the atomic radius is.
(+) attraction of electrons to the nuclei, (-) repulsion of the electrons away from the nuclei.
1) From O to F:
(+) there is one more proton --> Stronger positive charge of the nuclei means that the electrons are attracted more , then they come closer to it and therefore the radius decreases
(-) There is one more electron --> Every electron is repulsed by others away from the nuclei --> the radius increases. But this effect is not so strong because the new electron is added at the same energy level.
Overall the (+) effect is stronger than the (-) effect --> Radius decreases from O to F
2) From F to Cl
(+) there is one more protons --> Same effect as before
(-) There is one more electron --> Every electron is repulsed by others away from the nuclei. But this time the new electrons have a higher energy level --> Meaning that they are less attracted and hence the radius increases.
And also the other inner layers of electrons (electrons of lower energy levels) repulse this new external layer of electrons more effectively than the case of O --> Strong repulsion effect (called electron shielding effect) --> Radius increases
Overall the (-) effect is stronger than the (+) effect --> Radius increases from F to Cl (or decreases from Cl to F)
Some of the symptoms from swallowing hydrochloric acid:
<span><span>
</span></span><span><span>-Abdominal pain
</span>-Breathing difficulty due to swelling of throat
-Chest pain
-Drooling
-Fever
-Mouth pain
-Rapid drop in blood pressure
-Throat pain <span>
-Vomiting blood</span></span>
