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liraira [26]
2 years ago
9

Three bars each made of different materials are connected together and placed between two walls when the temperature is 12 oC. D

etermine the force exerted on the rigid supports when the temperature is increased to 25 oC. Also determine the stress in each material at 25 oC.
Engineering
1 answer:
slega [8]2 years ago
6 0

Answer:

F = 9.11 x 10³ N = 9.11 KN

Explanation:

The areas, lengths, young's modulus, and coefficient of linear thermal expansion are given in the diagram. First we find the equivalent change in length due to temperature change:

ΔL = (ΔL)steel + (ΔL)brass + (ΔL)Copper

ΔL = (∝s)(Ls)(ΔT) + (∝b)(Lb)(ΔT) + (∝c)(Lc)(ΔT)

where,

ΔL = Equivalent Change in Length = ?

ΔT = Change in Temperature = 25°C - 12°C = 13°C

Ls = Length of Steel Segment = 300 mm = 0.3 m

Lb = Length of Brass Segment = 200 mm = 0.2 m

Lc = Length of Copper Segment = 100 mm = 0.1 m

Therefore,

ΔL = (12 x 10⁻⁶ °C⁻¹)(0.3 m)(13 °C) + (21 x 10⁻⁶ °C⁻¹)(0.2 m)(13 °C) + (17 x 10⁻⁶ °C⁻¹)(0.1 m)(13 °C)

ΔL = 46.8 x 10⁻⁶ m + 54.6 x 10⁻⁶ m + 22.1 x 10⁻⁶ m

ΔL = 123.5 x 10⁻⁶ m   ----------------------- equation (1)

Now, we calculate this deflection in terms of an applied force (F):

ΔL = (F)(Ls)/(Es)(As) + (F)(Lb)/(Eb)(Ab) + (F)(Lc)/(Ec)(Ac)

ΔL = (F)(0.3 m)/(200 x 10⁹ Pa)(200 x 10⁻⁶ m²) + (F)(0.2 m)/(100 x 10⁹ Pa)(450 x 10⁻⁶ m²) + (F)(0.1 m)/(120 x 10⁹ Pa)(515 x 10⁻⁶ m²)

ΔL = F(7.5 x 10⁻⁹ m/N + 4.44 x 10⁻⁹ m/N + 1.61 x 10⁻⁹ m/N)

ΔL = F(13.55 x 10⁻⁹ m/N)   --------------------- equation (1)

Comparing equation (1) and equation (2):

123.5 x 10⁻⁶ m = F(13.55 x 10⁻⁹ m/N)

F = (123.5 x 10⁻⁶ m)/(13.55 x 10⁻⁹ m/N)

<u>F = 9.11 x 10³ N = 9.11 KN</u>

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