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lozanna [386]
3 years ago
7

Calculate the pH of the solution produced by adding 10mL of 1M hydrochloric acid to 1L of a solution which is 0.1M acetic acid a

nd 0.1M in sodium acetate (Ka = 1.75 x 10-5 molL-1. Comment on the variation in pH.
Chemistry
1 answer:
makkiz [27]3 years ago
7 0

A buffer solution is one in which the pH of the solution is "resistant" to small additions of either a strong acid or strong base. Buffers usually consist of a weak acid and its conjugate base, in relatively equal and "large" quantities. Calculations are based on the equation for the ionization of the weak acid in water forming the hydronium ion and the conjugate base of the acid. "HA" represents any weak acid and "A-" represents the conjugate base.

HA(aq) + H2O(l) --> H3O+(aq) + A-(aq)

Ka = [H3O+][A-]

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If you place 1.0 L of ethanol (C2H5OH) in a small laboratory that is 3.0 m long, 2.0 m wide, and 2.0 m high, will all the alcoho
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If you place 1.0 L of ethanol (C2H5OH) in a small laboratory that is 3.0 m long, 2.0 m wide, and 2.0 m high, will all the alcohol evaporate? If some liquid remains, how much will there be? The vapor pressure of ethyl alcohol at 25 °C is 59 mm Hg, and the density of the liquid at this temperature is 0.785g/cm^3 .

will all the alcohol evaporate? or none at all?

Answer:

Yes, all the ethanol present in the laboratory will evaporate since the mole of ethanol present in vapor is greater. The volume of ethanol left will therefore  be zero.

Explanation:

Given that:

The volume of alcohol which is placed in a small laboratory = 1.0 L

Vapor pressure of ethyl alcohol  at 25 ° C = 59 mmHg

Converting 59 mmHg to atm ; since 1 atm = 760 mmHg;

Then, we have:

= \frac{59}{760}atm

= 0.078 atm

Temperature = 25 ° C

= ( 25 + 273 K)

= 298 K.

Density of the ethanol = 0.785 g/cm³

The volume of laboratory = l × b × h

= 3.0 m × 2.0 m × 2.5 m

= 15 m³

Converting the volume of laboratory to liter;

since 1 m³ = 100 L; Then, we  have:

15 × 1000 = 15,000 L

Using ideal gas equation to determine the moles of ethanol in vapor phase; we have:

PV = nRT

Making n the subject of the formula; we have:

n = \frac{PV}{RT}

n = \frac{0.078 * 15000}{0.082*290}

n = 47. 88 mol of ethanol

Moles of ethanol in 1.0 L bottle can be calculated as follows:

Since  numbers of moles = \frac{mass}{molar mass}

and mass = density × vollume

Then; we can say ;

number of moles = \frac{density*volume }{molar mass of ethanol}

number of moles =\frac{0.785g/cm^3*1000cm^3}{46.07g/mol}

number of moles = \frac{&85}{46.07}

number of moles = 17.039 mol

Thus , all the ethanol present in the laboratory will evaporate since the mole of ethanol present in vapor is greater. The volume of ethanol left will therefore be zero.

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