Intermolecular forces are the forces of attraction or repulsion which act between neighboring particles (atoms, molecules, or ions ). These forces are weak compared to the intramolecular forces, such as the covalent or ionic bonds between atoms in a molecule.
The reaction produces 2.93 g H₂.
M_r: 133.34 2.016
2Al + 6HCl → 2AlCl₃ + 3H₂
<em>Moles of AlCl₃</em> = 129 g AlCl₃ × (1 mol AlCl₃/133.34 g AlCl₃) = 0.9675 mol AlCl₃
<em>Moles of H₂</em> = 0.9675 mol AlCl₃ × (3 mol H₂/2 mol AlCl₃) = 1.451 mol H₂
<em>Mass of H₂</em> = 1.451 mol H₂ × (2.016 g H₂/1 mol H₂) = 2.93 g H₂
From the reduction standard potentials;
The emf of Zinc = -0.76 V
and the emf of Aluminium = -1.66 V
In a galvanic cell the component with lower standard reduction potential gets oxidized and that it is added to the anode compartment.
Therefore. the voltage of a galvanic cell made with zinc and aluminium will be;
Voltage =Ered- Eoxd
= -0.76 - (-1.66)
= 0.9 V
This is because copper is a transition metals.
Transition metals don't have a definite charge, you can see this on the periodic table. However, Alkali Earth, Alkali, Metalloids, Non-metals, Halogens, Noble Gases, etc, all have a specified charge.
Although, there are exceptions: Zinc, Gold, and Cadmium.
Aluminum is a poor metal, but it has it's own charge (3+).
Therefore, Copper has roman numerals due to the fact that it's a transition metal and Aluminum is a poor metal.
Hope this helps!
