Answer:
hypothesis
Explanation:
a question that can be answered wity a hypothesis is a question a scientist can answer
A foreign DNA molecule can be incorporated into a bacterial plasmid during a transformation reaction.
<h3>How to explain the reaction?</h3>
With the aid of two enzymes, ligase and restriction enzymes, a foreign DNA molecule can be incorporated into a bacterial plasmid during a transformation reaction. Each enzyme detects a target DNA sequence and cuts it nearby, while ligase aids in connecting the DNA. When two bits of DNA have complimentary bases, it facilitates their joining.
Plasmid and the insert fragment are both present in the microfuge tube, and they both have compatible sticky ends. However, the ligase has been denatured and is no longer active because the prior student left it outside rather than freezing it; despite this, we had already put the ligase into the tube. Ligase aids in binding the plasmid and insert fragments together, but because it is denatured in this instance, it will no longer be able to do so. As a result, no transformation process will take place. And since ligase links DNA fragments together by catalyzing the development of connections between the nearby nucleotides, the two fragments will not be able to unite.
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Commensalism is the relation ship between two species where one of the species is being benefited while the other is not benefited and not even harmed.
It is a type of symbiosis
the correct answer is
A) Birds feed off the insects that are stirred up from the grasses as cattle move through.
Equation for Half life :
A = a(0.5)^(t/h)
A is current amount, "a" is initial amount, h is halflife, t is time
5 = 40(0.5)^(t/1.3x10^9)
5/40 = (0.5)^(t/1.3x10^9)
take the log of both sides , power rule
Log(5/40) = (t/1.3x10^9) * Log(0.5)
(1.3x10^9) * Log(5/40) / Log(0.5) = t
3.9x10^9 years = t
And if you think about what a half life is, the time it take for the amount to reduce to half.
40/2 = 20
20/2 = 10
10/2 = 5
It went through 3 half-lifes
3 * 1.3x10^9 = 3.9x10^9 years
