A electrochemical reaction is said to be spontaneous, if
Answer 1:
Consider reaction: <span>Ni^2+ (aq) + S^2- (aq) ----> + Ni (s) + S (s)
The cell representation of above reaction is given by;
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Hence,

we know that,

and

Therefore,

= - 0.25 - (-0.47) = 0.22 v
Since,
is positive, hence cell reaction is spontaneous
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Answer 2: Consider reaction: <span>Pb^2+ (aq) +H2 (g) ----> Pb (s) +2H^+ (aq)
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The cell representation of above reaction is given by;

Hence,

we know that,

and

Therefore,

= - 0.126 - 0 = -0.126 v
Since,
is negative, hence cell reaction is non-spontaneous.....................................................................................................................
Answer 3:
Consider reaction: <span>2Ag^+ (aq) + Cr(s) ---> 2 Ag (s) +Cr^2+ (aq)
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The cell representation of above reaction is given by;

Hence,

we know that,

and

Therefore,

= - 0.22 - (-0.913) = 0.693 v
Since,
is positive, hence cell reaction is spontaneous
Explanation:
When a solid substance is dissolved in a liquid such as water, the intermolecular forces of attraction between the molecules in the solid substance are overcome and they exist as ions in the solution. Hence the answer is 2.
Assuming the conditions of the reaction are maintained and appropriate for the reaction to still occur, the reaction rate can be affected by increasing the concentration of the reagents used in a reaction. It will speed it up.