B. They are rearranged.
The First Law of Thermodynamics states that matter and energy can not be created or destroyed.
We can rearrange the mirror equation before plugging our values in.
1/p = 1/f - 1/q.
1/p = 1/10cm - 1/40cm
1/p = 4/40cm - 1/40cm = 3/40cm
40cm=3p <-- cross multiplication
13.33cm = p
Now that we have the value of p, we can plug it into the magnification equation.
M=-16/13.33=1.2
1.2=h'/8cm
9.6=h'
So the height of the image produced by the mirror is 9.6cm.
4. The Coyote has an initial position vector of
.
4a. The Coyote has an initial velocity vector of
. His position at time
is given by the vector

where
is the Coyote's acceleration vector at time
. He experiences acceleration only in the downward direction because of gravity, and in particular
where
. Splitting up the position vector into components, we have
with


The Coyote hits the ground when
:

4b. Here we evaluate
at the time found in (4a).

5. The shell has initial position vector
, and we're told that after some time the bullet (now separated from the shell) has a position of
.
5a. The vertical component of the shell's position vector is

We find the shell hits the ground at

5b. The horizontal component of the bullet's position vector is

where
is the muzzle velocity of the bullet. It traveled 3500 m in the time it took the shell to fall to the ground, so we can solve for
:

First we gotta use an equation of motion:

Our vertical distance d= 100 m, initial vertical speed u = 0 m/s (because velocity is fully horizontal), and vertical acceleration a = 9.8 m/s2 because of gravity. Let's plug it all in!

Now we just need to solve for t:

Hit the calculators, and you'll get 4.5 seconds!
Relative motion means a motion relative to a reference point. We can also say, relative motion means motion referred or observed from a reference point.
For example, Alex is in a train and Ace is at the station, when the train starts moving, for Ace it is moving at a speed of 10 m/s, but for Alex it is moving at 0 m/s, or we can say that it is at rest for Alex, but in motion for Ace. This is relative motion.