The impulse required to decrease the speed of the boat is equal to the variation of momentum of the boat:

where
m=225 kg is the mass of the boat

is the variation of velocity of the boat
By substituting the numbers into the first equation, we find the impulse:

and the negative sign means the direction of the impulse is against the direction of motion of the boat.
Kinetic energy. thermal energy (a low form of energy ) is a form of kinetic energy as it is produced as a result of motion of particles either if they vibrate at their position or they move along longer paths. Motion produces friction or resistance which leads to excitation and thus the heat is produced. The higher the motion of the particles, the higher would be the thermal energy.
The force exerted by the laser beam on a completely absorbing target is
.
The given parameters;
- <em>power of the laser light, P = 1050 W</em>
- <em>wavelength of the emitted light, λ = 10 μm </em>
The speed of the emitted laser light is given as;
v = 3 x 10⁸ m/s
The force exerted by the laser beam on a completely absorbing target is calculated as follows;
P = Fv

Thus, the force exerted by the laser beam on a completely absorbing target is
.
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