Answer: Extracellular [Ca2+]
Explanation:
The sensitivity and density of the alpha receptors serve to <em>enhance the response to the release of</em> <em>norepinephrine (NE)</em> . However, they do not exert a strong influence as the concentration of calcium ions on the amount of <em>norepinephrine (NE)</em> released by sympathic nerve terminals.
The release of neurotransmitters depends more on either an external or internal stimulus.This results in an action potential which on reaching a nerve terminal, results in the opening of Ca²⁺ channels in the neuronal membrane. Because the extracellular concentration of Ca²⁺ is greater than the intracellular Ca²⁺ concentration, Ca²⁺ flows into the nerve terminal. This triggers a series of events that cause the vesicles containing <em>norepinephrine (NE)</em> to fuse with the plasma membrane and release <em>norepinephrine (NE)</em> into the synapse. The higher the action potential, the higher the Ca²⁺ flow into the terminals resulting in higher amount of <em>norepinephrine (NE)</em> into the synapse, and vice versa.
Catechol-O-methyltransferase (COMT) is one of several enzymes that degrade catecholamines such as dopamine, epinephrine, and norepinephrine. It serves a regulatory purpose to lower the concentration of norepinephrine upon its release from nerve terminals.
Answer:
B and C
Explanation:
<em>(A) AgNO₃ + NaCl → AgCl + NaNO₃</em>
This is a double displacement reaction. It is not a redox reaction because the elements have the same oxidation numbers on both sides.
<em>(B) Cl₂ + H₂O → HClO + HCl</em>
This is a redox reaction.
Cl₂ is oxidized to HClO. The oxidation number of Cl increases from 0 to +1.
Cl₂ is reduced to HCl. The oxidation number of Cl decreases from 0 to -1.
<em>(C) CuO + CO → CO₂ + Cu</em>
This is a redox reaction.
CO is oxidized to CO₂. The oxidation number of C increases from +2 to +4.
CuO is reduced to Cu. The oxidation number of Cu decreases from +2 to 0.
<em>(D) NaOH + HCl → NaCl + H₂O</em>
This is a double displacement reaction. It is not a redox reaction because the elements have the same oxidation numbers on both sides.