First, we write the half equations for the reduction of the chemical species present:
Cu⁺² + 2e → Cu; E° = 0.34 V
Ni⁺² + 2e → Ni; E° = - 0.23 V
In order to determine the potential of the cell, we find the difference between the two values. For this:
E(cell) = 0.34 - (-0.23)
E(cell) = 0.57 V
The second option is correct. (The difference in values is due to different values in literature, and it is negligible)
1 kpa = 0.0098692327 atm so just multiply that by 45.6
Answer:
A.The concentration of water is greater outside the cell than inside the cell.
Explanation:
The contractile vacuole of certain organisms functions to regulate water flow in and out of the cell. It does this by storing excess water that comes into the cell. In the case of this organism with a filled up contractile vacuole, it means water is flowing into the cell.
Naturally, water will flow into a living cell when an osmotic gradient i.e. difference in concemtration, has been created between intracellular and extracellular solutions. Osmosis involves movement of substances from a region of high water concentration to a region of low water concentration. This means that if water is flowing into the cell, which is stored by the contractile vacuole, the concentration of water must be greater outside the cell than inside.
The population decreases when the birth rate is less than the death rate.
