Resonance, leaving group, carbonyl carbon delta+, and steric effect is the most crucial variables that affect the relative reactivity of a functional group containing a carbonyl in an addition or substitution process.
Discussion:
1. Carbonyl Carbon Delta+: The carbonyl group becomes more electrophilic and accelerates nucleophilic assault when the carbonyl carbon delta+ is bigger.
2. Resonance: When the carbonyl is transformed into the tetrahedral adduct, it may be lost. Loss of resonance increases the energy of the transition state for this nucleophilic assault because resonance has the function of stabilizing. Therefore, a carbonyl functional group's resistance to nucleophilic attack increases as resonance in the group increases in importance.
3. Leaving group: Tetrahedral adduct fragmentation is encouraged by a better LG.
4. Steric effects: The nucleophilic attack on carbonyl carbon is delayed when sterically impeded.
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Answer: 625 grams
Explanation:
14 goes into 56, 4 times.
10,000÷2=5,000 - first half life
5,000÷2=2,500 - second half life
2,500÷2=1,250 - 3rd half life
1,250÷2= 625 - 4th half life
Note: don't type "grams" after 625, just type "625".
Explanation:
What is true about an atom in an excited state? Select all that apply:
A. It is less likely to enter chemical reactions.
B. It is more likely to enter chemical reactions.
C. It has less energy than a ground state atom.
D. It has more energy than a ground state atom.
Answer:
HF has the higher boiling point because HF molecules are more polar. Part B: CHBr3 molecules possess stronger intermolecular interaction due to higher molar mass than CHCl3
Explanation:
Fluorine is more electronegative than chlorine. This implies that HF is more polar and possess stronger hydrogen bonds than HCl molecules.
In part B, the magnitude of dispersion forces depend on molar mass, the greater the molar mass, the greater the magnitude of dispersion forces between molecules, hence CHBr3 has a greater boiling point than CHCl3
ANSWER: B) drying paint
EXPLANATION: Car manufacturers use UV radiation to dry the paint o the vehicle. The high reflectivity of infrared radiation helps to keep the car interior cool. It also gives advantages over convection heating. It can provide both high intensity and low intensity heat and is a low cost heat source when compared in dollars per unit of energy consumed. The IR heating also doesn't penetrate deeply and apply heating only on the outer surface.
