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Anuta_ua [19.1K]
2 years ago
10

A disk with mass 1.64 kg and radius 0.61 meters is spinning counter-clockwise with an angular velocity of 17.6 rad/s. A rod of m

ass 1.51 kg and length 1.79 meters spinning clockwise with an angular velocity of 5.12 rad/s is dropped on the spinning disk and stuck to it (the centers of the disk and the rod coincide). The combined system continues to spin with a common final angular velocity. Calculate the magnitude of the loss in rotational kinetic energy due to the collision
Physics
1 answer:
Masja [62]2 years ago
8 0

Answer:

The loss in rotational kinetic energy due to the collision is 36.585 J.

Explanation:

Given;

mass of the disk, m₁ = 1.64 kg

radius of the disk, r = 0. 61 m

angular velocity of the disk, ω₁ = 17.6 rad/s

mass of the rod, m₂ = 1.51 kg

length of the rod, L = 1.79 m

angular velocity of the rod, ω₂ =  5.12 rad/s (clock-wise)

let the counter-clockwise be the positive direction

let the clock-wise be the negative direction

The common final velocity of the two systems after the collision is calculated by applying principle of conservation of angular momentum ;

m₁ω₁  + m₂ω₂ = ωf(m₁ + m₂)

where;

ωf is the common final angular velocity

1.64 x 17.6    + 1.51(-5.12) = ωf(1.64 + 1.51)

21.1328 = ωf(3.15)

ωf = 21.1328 / 3.15

ωf = 6.709 rad/s

The moment of inertia of the disk is calculated as follows;

I_{disk} = \frac{1}{2} mr^2\\\\I_{disk}  = \frac{1}{2} (1.64)(0.61)^2\\\\I_{disk}  = 0.305 \ kgm^2

The moment of inertia of the rod about its center is calculated as follows;

I_{rod} = \frac{1}{12} mL^2\\\\I_{rod} = \frac{1}{12} \times 1.51 \times 1.79^2\\\\I _{rod }= 0.4032\ kgm^2

The initial rotational kinetic energy of the disk and rod;

K.E_i = \frac{1}{2} I_{disk}\omega _1 ^2 \ \ + \ \  \frac{1}{2} I_{rod}\omega _2 ^2 \\\\K.E_i=  \frac{1}{2} (0.305)(17.6) ^2 \ \ + \ \  \frac{1}{2} (0.4032)(-5.12) ^2\\\\K.E_i = 52.523 \ J

The final rotational kinetic energy of the disk-rod system is calculated as follows;

K.E_f = \frac{1}{2} I_{disk}\omega _f ^2 \ \ + \ \  \frac{1}{2} I_{rod}\omega _f ^2\\\\K.E_f = \frac{1}{2} \omega _f ^2(I_{disk} + I_{rod})\\\\K.E_f = \frac{1}{2} (6.709) ^2(0.305+ 0.4032)\\\\K.E_f = 15.938 \ J

The loss in rotational kinetic energy due to the collision is calculated as follows;

\Delta K.E = K.E_f \ - \ K.E_i\\\\\Delta K.E = 15.938 J  \ - \ 52.523 J\\\\\Delta K.E = - 36.585 \ J

Therefore, the loss in rotational kinetic energy due to the collision is 36.585 J.

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A helicopter is ascending vertically. a passenger accidentally drops her wallet out the sides of the helicopter when it is 160 m
Advocard [28]

Answer:

(E)56.0 m/s

Explanation:

Height =h=-160 m

Because the wallet moving in downward direction

Time=t=7 s

Final speed of wallet=v=0

We have to find the speed of helicopter ascending  at the moment when the passenger let go of the wallet.

v^2-u^2=2gh

Where g=9.8 m/s^2

Substitute the values

0-u^2=2(-160)\times 9.8

u^2=3136

u=\sqrt{3136}=56m/s

Option (E) is true

8 0
3 years ago
Describe the factors that cause static friction between two surfaces to increase.
maw [93]

Answer : The static friction depends on two factors

1. Roughness of the surface

2. Force

Explanation : Friction occur when surface is not smooth.

The formula of friction is

F= \mu mg

Static friction depends on the roughness of the surface and force which is trying to push to object along the surface.

Static friction is caused by the attraction between two surfaces that are in contact.  when the surface will rough and the object will heavier then the force will be larger.

4 0
3 years ago
A thin rod of length 1.4 m and mass 140 g is suspended freely from one end. It is pulled to one side and then allowed to swing l
m_a_m_a [10]

Answer:

a The kinetic energy is  KE = 0.0543 J

b The height of the center of mass above that position is  h = 1.372 \ m    

Explanation:

From the question we are told that

  The length of the rod is  L = 1.4m

   The mass of the rod m = 140 = \frac{140}{1000} = 0.140 \ kg  

   The angular speed at the lowest point is w = 1.09 \ rad/s

Generally moment of inertia of the rod about an axis that passes through its one end is

                   I = \frac{mL^2}{3}  

Substituting values

               I = \frac{(0.140) (1.4)^2}{3}

               I = 0.0915 \ kg \cdot m^2

Generally the  kinetic energy rod is mathematically represented as

             KE = \frac{1}{2} Iw^2

                    KE = \frac{1}{2} (0.0915) (1.09)^2

                           KE = 0.0543 J

From the law of conservation of energy

The kinetic energy of the rod during motion =  The potential energy of the rod at the highest point

   Therefore

                   KE = PE = mgh

                        0.0543 = mgh

                             h = \frac{0.0543}{9.8 * 0.140}

                                h = 1.372 \ m    

                 

5 0
2 years ago
Read 2 more answers
One horse is pulling a 755 kg sled straight ahead applying a force of 1988 N. If the acceleration of the sled is 1.36 m/s2, what
Inessa [10]

Answer:

The coefficient of kinetic friction is 0.13

Explanation:

Newton's second law states that the acceleration of an object is proportional to the net force on it, the factor of proportionality is the mass. So, we can express that law mathematically as:

\sum\overrightarrow{F}=m\overrightarrow{a} (1)

With F the net force, m the mass and a the acceleration of the object. In our case we're interested on what's happening to the sled, then we have to analyze the forces on it, those forces are the weight and the normal force on the vertical direction and the pulling force and frictional force in the horizontal direction. So, because (1) is a vector equation we can express that in their vertical (y) and horizontal (x) components:

F_y=ma_y (2)

F_x=ma_x (3)

On y we have that the acceleration is zero because the sled is not moving upward or downward, remember that the net force on y is the weight (W) pointing downward and the normal force pointing upward:

F_y=W+n=0

Following the convention that positive is upward and negative downward, W=mg=(755)(-9.81):

F_y=(755)(-9.81)+n=0

n=7406.55 N (4)

Now on the x direction we have the sum of the forces is the pulling force (T) and friction force (f)

F_x=F+f=ma_x

Choosing the direction where the horse is pulling F=1988N and the acceleration should be positive too, then:

1988+f=m(1.36)

f=(755)(1.36)-1988=-961.2 N

The negative sign means it's in the opposite direction the horse is pulling

The frictional force is related with the coefficient of kinetic friction in the next way:

|f|=\mu_k n

with μk the coefficient of kinetic friction, and n the normal force that we already found on (4), so we simply solve the last equation for μk:

\mu_k=\frac{|f|}{n}=\frac{961.2}{7406.55}=0.13

4 0
3 years ago
If a 25 kg lawnmower produces 347 w and does 9514 J of work, for
Igoryamba

Steps 1 and 2)

The variables are W = work, P = power, and t = time. In this case, W = 9514 joules and P = 347 watts.

The goal is to solve for the unknown time t.

-----------------------

Step 3)

Since we want to solve for the time, and we have known W and P values, we use the equation t = W/P

-----------------------

Step 4)

t = W/P

t = 9514/347

t = 27.4178674351586

t = 27.4 seconds

-----------------------

Step 5)

The lawn mower ran for about 27.4 seconds. I rounded to three sig figs because this was the lower amount of sig figs when comparing 9514 and 347.

-----------------------

Note: we don't use the mass at all

6 0
3 years ago
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