Answer:
Upper bounds 22.07 GPa
Lower bounds 17.59 GPa
Explanation:
Calculation to estimate the upper and lower bounds of the modulus of this composite.
First step is to calculate the maximum modulus for the combined material using this formula
Modulus of Elasticity for mixture
E= EcuVcu+EwVw
Let pug in the formula
E =( 110 x 0.40)+ (407 x 0.60)
E=44+244.2 GPa
E=288.2GPa
Second step is to calculate the combined specific gravity using this formula
p= pcuVcu+pwTw
Let plug in the formula
p = (19.3 x 0.40) + (8.9 x 0.60)
p=7.72+5.34
p=13.06
Now let calculate the UPPER BOUNDS and the LOWER BOUNDS of the Specific stiffness
UPPER BOUNDS
Using this formula
Upper bounds=E/p
Let plug in the formula
Upper bounds=288.2/13.06
Upper bounds=22.07 GPa
LOWER BOUNDS
Using this formula
Lower bounds=EcuVcu/pcu+EwVw/pw
Let plug in the formula
Lower bounds =( 110 x 0.40)/8.9+ (407 x 0.60)/19.3
Lower bounds=(44/8.9)+(244.2/19.3)
Lower bounds=4.94+12.65
Lower bounds=17.59 GPa
Therefore the Estimated upper and lower bounds of the modulus of this composite will be:
Upper bounds 22.07 GPa
Lower bounds 17.59 GPa
Let “w” and “L” be the width and length of the rectangle. “p” and “a” are perimeter and area
For python,
w=int(input(“width”))
l=int(input(“length”))
a= w*l
p=2*w+2*l
print(str(a), str(p)
Friction losses in pipes can be reduced by decreasing the length of the pipes, reducing the surface roughness of the pipes, and increasing the pipe diameter. Thus, options (c),(e), and (f) hold correct answers.
Friction loss is a measure of the amount of energy a piping system loses because flowing fluids meet resistance. As fluids flow through the pipes, they carry energy with them. Unfortunately, whenever there is resistance to the flow rate, it diverts fluids, and energy escapes. These opposing forces result in friction loss in pipes.
Friction loss in pipes can decrease the efficiency of the functions of pipes. These are a few ways by which friction loss in pipes can be reduced and the efficiency of the piping system can be boosted:
- <u><em>Decrease the length of the pipes</em></u>: By decreasing pipe lengths and avoiding the use of sharp turns, fittings, and tees, whenever possible result in a more natural path for fluids to flow.
- <u><em>Reduce the surface roughness of the pipes</em></u>: By reducing the interior surface roughness of pipes, a smooth and clearer path is provided for liquids to flow.
- <u><em>Increase the pipe diameter: </em></u>By widening the diameters of pipes, it is ensured that fluids squeeze through pipes easily.
You can learn more about friction losses at
brainly.com/question/13348561
#SPJ4
Answer:
The relationship between power, energy, and time can be described by the following equation : P = Δ E s y s Δ t. P is the average power output, measured in watts (W) ΔEsys is the net change in energy of the system in joules (J) - also known as work. Δt is the duration - how long the energy use takes - measured in seconds (s).
Explanation:
