7. 1,2,2,2
8. 4,3,1
9. 1,4,1,2
10. 3,4,1,4
Positive ions are formed by atoms or molecules suffering an inelastic collision with an energetic electron in which an electron is lost from the atom or molecule (electron impact ionization). The degree of ionization of the plasma depends strongly on the electron density and energy distribution in the gas.
Explanation:
At each reflecting surface (benzene and glass) there will be 180 degree phase change.
Now, for constructive interference the optical path in benzene is
.
Formula to calculate thickness of a benzene thin film is as follows.
Optical path length through benzene (
) = 
Hence, substituting the given values into the above formula as follows.
Optical path length through benzene = 
d = 
=
=
(as 1 nm = 
= 204.9 m
Thus, we can conclude that minimum thickness of benzene is 204.9 m.
7.8 g/cm3 because Mass/Volume=Density