The valence electrons are the parts of an atom that make interactions and make chemical bonds.
Every atom is made of three different components, a positively charged proton, neutrally charged neutron and negatively charged electron. The protons and the neutrons make up the atom's core and the electrons orbit around that core.
The electrons that orbit around the atom's core in its outer-most orbit (the one that is the furthest from the atom's core) can interact with electrons of other atoms, forming different kinds of chemical bonds.
If there is an exchange of the electrons (one atom donates its electrons to another atom), that results in forming of ions, then those two atoms can be linked in an ionic bond.
If an electron is shared between two atoms, then that bond is called a covalent bond.
Answer:
Rate = k [OCl] [I]
Explanation:
OCI+r → or +CI
Experiment [OCI] M I(-M) Rate (M/s)2
1 3.48 x 10-3 5.05 x 10-3 1.34 x 10-3
2 3.48 x 10-3 1.01 x 10-2 2.68 x 10-3
3 6.97 x 10-3 5.05 x 10-3 2.68 x 10-3
4 6.97 x 10-3 1.01 x 10-2 5.36 x 10-3
The table above able shows how the rate of the reaction is affected by changes in concentrations of the reactants.
In experiments 1 and 3, the conc of iodine is constant, however the rate is doubled and so is the conc of OCl. This means that the reaction is in first order with OCl.
In experiments 3 and 4, the conc of OCl is constant, however the rate is doubled and so is the conc of lodine. This means that the reaction is in first order with I.
The rate law is given as;
Rate = k [OCl] [I]
Same number of valence electrons
Explanation:
Two elements posses similar chemical properties if they have the same number of valence electrons.
Chemical properties of any substance is determined by the number of valence electrons it possesses in its outer most shell.
Elements use their valence electrons to form chemical bonds with one another.
Elements with the same number of valence electrons will chemically combine the same way.
This is why elements in the same group on the periodic table have the same chemical properties.
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Answer: Option (c) is the correct answer.
Explanation:
Temperature is used as for measuring the average kinetic energy present in a substance or object.
The internal kinetic energy obtained by the molecules of an object is known as thermal energy.
Hence, temperature measures the thermal energy of an object.
Whereas when this thermal energy flows from a hotter object to a cooler object which are placed adjacent to each other then it is known that heat is flowing.
Thus, we can conclude that heat differ from temperature as temperature measures thermal energy, and heat is the flow of thermal energy.
