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Flura [38]
3 years ago
13

In atmospheric chemistry, the following chemical reaction converts SO2, the predominant oxide of sulfur that comes from combusti

on of S-containing materials, to SO3, which can combine with H2O to make sulfuric acid (and thus contribute to acid rain): a. Write the expression for K for this equilibrium. b. Calculate the value of for this reaction using the values in either the back of your book or the CRC Handbook. c. Calculate the value of K for this equilibrium. d. If 1.00 bar of SO2 and 1.00 bar of O2 are enclosed in a system in the presence of some SO3 liquid, in which direction would the reaction run
Chemistry
1 answer:
Misha Larkins [42]3 years ago
8 0

Answer:

Explanation:

From the given information;

The chemical reaction can be well presented as follows:

\mathtt{SO_{2(g)} + \dfrac{1}{2}O_{2(g)} }  ⇄ \mathtt{3SO_{2(l)}}

Now, K is known to be the equilibrium constant and it can be represented in terms of each constituent activity:

i.e

K = \dfrac{a_{so_3}}{a_{so_2} a_{o_2}^{\frac{1}{2}}}

However, since we are dealing with liquids solutions;

K = \dfrac{1}{\dfrac{Pso_2}{P^0}\Big ( \dfrac{Po_2}{P^0} \Big)^{1/2}}   since the activity of a_{so_3} is equivalent to 1

Hence, under standard conditions(i.e at a pressure of 1 bar)

K = \dfrac{1}{Pso_2Po_2^{1/2}}

(b)

From the CRC Handbook, we are meant to determine the value of the Gibb free energy by applying the formula:

\Delta _{rxn} G^o = \sum \Delta_f \ G^o (products) - \sum \Delta_fG^o (reactants) \\ \\ = (1) (-368 \ kJ/mol) - (\dfrac{1}{2}) (0) - ((1) (-300.13 \ kJ/mol)) \\ \\ = -368 \ kJ/mol + 300.13 \ kJ/mol \\ \\  \simeq -68 \ kJ/mol

Thus, for this reaction; the Gibbs frree energy = -68 kJ/mol

(c)

Le's recall that:

At equilibrium, the instantaneous free energy is usually zero &

Q(reaction quotient) is equivalent to K(equilibrium constant)

So;

\mathtt{\Delta _{rxn} G = \Delta _{rxn} G^o + RT In Q}

\mathtt{0- \Delta _{rxn} G^o = RTIn K } \\ \\ \mathtt{ \Delta _{rxn} G^o = -RTIn K }  \\ \\  K = e^{\dfrac{\Delta_{rxn} G^o}{RT}} \\ \\  K = e^{^{\dfrac{67900 \ J/mol}{8.314 \ J/mol \times 298 \ K}} }

K =7.98390356\times 10^{11} \\ \\  \mathbf{K = 7.98 \times 10^{11}}

(d)

The direction by which the reaction will proceed can be determined if we can know the value of Q(reaction quotient).

This is because;

If  Q < K, then the reaction will proceed in the right direction towards the products.

However, if Q > K , then the reaction goes to the left direction. i.e to the reactants.

So;

Q= \dfrac{1}{Pso_2Po_2^{1/2}}

Since we are dealing with liquids;

Q= \dfrac{1}{1 \times 1^{1/2}}

Q = 1

Since Q < K; Then, the reaction proceeds in the right direction.

Hence, SO2 as well O2 will combine to yield SO3, then condensation will take place to form liquid.

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Aqua regia is an oxidative mixture that is highly corrosive and is composed of hydrochloric acid and nitric acid. The Ea (rev) for the reaction is 3 kJ.

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The activation energy is the minimum required energy by the reactant to undergo changes to form the product. The activation energy of the reverse reaction is given by the difference in the production state and transition state.

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4 0
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