Markovnikov rule, in organic chemistry, a generalization, formulated by Vladimir Vasilyevich Markovnikov in 1869, stating that in addition reactions to unsymmetrical alkenes, the electron-rich component of the reagent adds to the carbon atom with fewer hydrogen atoms bonded to it, while the electron-deficient component ...
Bob adds heat to a liquid substance. When enough heat is added, the liquid would undergo a phase transition from the liquid to the vapor phase. This process is called evaporation. It is an endothermic process where heat should be supplied to the system for the process to happen. The temperature of the system, when enough heat is supplied to allow phase transition, is called the boiling point. It is the temperature when the substance starts to boil in turn to a gas or a vapor. The heat that is associated during boiling is called the latent heat of vaporization. It is the heat that is absorbed during the phase change without changing the temperature of the system.
No doubt it's B. solid, liquid, and gas.
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Answer: -
Concentration of PbI₂ = 1.5 x 10⁻³ M
PbI₂ dissociates in water as
PbI₂ ⇄ Pb²⁺ + 2 I⁻
So PbI₂ releases two times the amount of I⁻ as it's own concentration when saturated.
Thus the molar concentration of iodide ion in a saturated PbI₂ solution = [ I⁻] =
= 1.5 x 10⁻³ x 2 M
= 3 x 10⁻³ M
PbI₂ releases the same amount of Pb²⁺ as it's own concentration when saturated.
[Pb²⁺] = 1.5 x 10⁻³ M
So solubility product for PbI₂
Ksp = [Pb²⁺] x [ I⁻]²
=1.5 x 10⁻³ x (3 x 10⁻³)²
= 4.5 x 10⁻⁹
The symbol is U and its atomic number is 92
