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Basile [38]
2 years ago
15

Fish breathe the dissolved air in water through their gills. Assuming the partial pressures of oxygen and nitrogen in air to be

0.20 atm and 0.80 atm, respectively, calculate the mole fractions of oxygen and nitrogen in water at 298 K. Comment on your results
Chemistry
1 answer:
amid [387]2 years ago
5 0

Answer:

X(O₂) = 0.323

X(N₂) = 0.677

Explanation:

We have the partial pressures of oxygen (O₂) and nitrogen (N₂):

P(O₂) = 0.20 atm

P(N₂) = 0.80 atm

In order to solve the problem, you need the solubilities of each gas in water at 298 K. We can consider 1.3 x 10⁻³ mol/(L atm) for oxygen (O₂) and 6.8 x 10⁻⁴mol/(L atm) for nitrogen (N₂) from the bibliography.

s(O₂) = 1.3 x 10⁻³ mol/(L atm)

s(N₂) = 6.8 x 10⁻⁴mol/(L atm)

So, we calculate the concentration (C) of each gas as the product of its partial pressure (P) and the solubility (s):

C(O₂) = P(O₂) x s(O₂) = 0.20 atm x 1.3 x 10⁻³ mol/(L atm) = 2.6 x 10⁻⁴mol/L

C(N₂) = P(N₂) x s(N₂) = 0.80 atm x 6.8 x 10⁻⁴mol/(L atm) = 5.44 x 10⁻⁴ mol/L

In 1 liter of water, we have the following number of moles (n):

n(O₂) = 2.6 x 10⁻⁴ mol

n(N₂) = 5.44 x 10⁻⁴ mol

Thus, the total number of moles (nt) is calculated as the sum of the number of moles of the gases in the mixture:

nt = n(O₂) + n(N₂) = 2.6 x 10⁻⁴ mol + 5.44 x 10⁻⁴ mol = 8.04 x 10⁻⁴ mol

Finally, the mole fraction of each gas is calculated as the ratio between the number of moles of each gas and the total number of moles:

X(O₂) = n(O₂)/nt = 2.6 x 10⁻⁴ mol/(8.04 x 10⁻⁴ mol) = 0.323

X(N₂) = n(N₂)/nt = 5.44 x 10⁻⁴ mol/(8.04 x 10⁻⁴ mol) = 0.677

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Anna11 [10]
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N = No x exp(-λt)

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λ = ln(2) / 5730
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3 0
3 years ago
NH4NO3, whose heat of solution is 25.7 kJ/mol, is one substance that can be used in cold pack. If the goal is to decrease the te
makvit [3.9K]

Answer:

There are necessaries 35,2g of NH₄NO₃ per 100,0g of water to decrease the temperature of the solution from 25,0°C to 5,0°C

Explanation:

To decrease the temperature of the solution there are necessaries:

4,184J/g°C×(5,0°C-25,0°C)×(100,0g+X) = -Y

8368J + 83,68J/gX = Y <em>(1)</em>

Where x are grams of NH₄NO₃ you need to add and Y is the energy that you need to decrease the heat.

Also, the energy Y will be:

Y = 25700J/mol×\frac{1mol}{80,043g}X

Y = 321J/g X <em>(2)</em>

Replacing (2) in (1)

8368J + 83,68J/g X = 321J/g X

8363J = 237,32J/gX

<em>X = 35,2g</em>

<em />

Thus, there are necessaries 35,2g of NH₄NO₃ per 100,0g of water to decrease the temperature of the solution from 25,0°C to 5,0°C

I hope it helps!

6 0
3 years ago
Suppose 2.8 moles of methane are allowed to react with 5 moles of oxygen.
Ronch [10]

Answer : The limiting reagent is O_2

Solution : Given,

Moles of methane = 2.8 moles

Moles of O_2 = 5 moles

Now we have to calculate the limiting and excess reagent.

The balanced chemical reaction is,

CH_4+2O_2\rightarrow CO_2+2H_2O

From the balanced reaction we conclude that

As, 2 mole of O_2 react with 1 mole of CH_4

So, 5 moles of O_2 react with \frac{5}{2}=2.5 moles of CH_4

From this we conclude that, CH_4 is an excess reagent because the given moles are greater than the required moles and O_2 is a limiting reagent and it limits the formation of product.

Hence, the limiting reagent is O_2

8 0
3 years ago
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How many hydrogen atoms are in 5.80 mol of ammonium sulfide
IRINA_888 [86]

Moles of ammonium sulfide =  5.80 mol

The formula of ammonium sulfide is (NH₄)₂S

So each molecule of ammonium sulfide has (4 x 2)  or 8 atoms of H

One mole of ammonium sulfide has 8 moles of H

5.80 mol of ammonium sulfide has (8 x 5.8) or 46.4 moles of H

As per the definition of Avogadro's number, 1 mole = 6.022 x 10²³ atoms

46.4 moles of H x (6.022 x 10²³ atoms/ 1 mole of H)

= 2.8 x 10²⁵ H atoms

Therefore, 2.8 x 10²⁵ H atoms are in 5.80 mol of ammonium sulfide.

5 0
2 years ago
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