Answer:
The change in momentum of both objects is the same but in opposite direction.
Explanation:
Hi there!
The momentum of the system is calculated as the sum of the momentums of each glider. The momentum of the system is conserved if no external force is acting on the objects (as in this case). That means that the initial momentum of the system is equal to the final momentum of the system.
The momentum of each glider is calculated as follows:
p = m · v
Where:
p = momentum.
m = mass of the glider.
v = velocity.
The momentum of the system for glider A and B can be calculated as follows:
initial momentum = mA · vA + mB · vB
Where:
mA and vA = mass and velocity of glider A
mB and vB = mass and velocity of glider B
Initially, glider B is at rest so that vB = 0. Then, the initial momentum of the system is:
initial momentum = mA · vA
The final momentum of the system is calculated as follows:
final momentum = mA · vA´ + mB · vB´
Where vA´ and vB´ are the final velocities of glider A and B respectively.
We know that mB = 4mA and that vA´ is negative. The the final momentum will be:
final momentum = -mA · vA´ + 4mA · vB´
Since initial momentum = final momentum:
mA · vA = -mA · vA´ + 4mA · vB´
mA · vA + mA · vA´ = 4mA · vB´
<u>vA + vA´ = 4 vB´</u>
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The change in momentum of glider A (ΔpA) is calculated as follows:
ΔpA = final momentum - initial momentum
ΔpA = -mA · vA´ - mA · vA = -mA (vA + vA´) = -4mA · vB´
The change in momentum of glider B (ΔpB) is calculated as follows:
ΔpB = final momentum - initial momentum
ΔpB = 4mA · vB´ - 0 = 4mA · vB´
Then, the change in momentum of both objects is the same but in opposite direction. That´s why the momentum is conserved.
