Answer:

Explanation:
To solve this exercise it is necessary to take into account the concepts related to gravitational potential energy, as well as the concept of perigee and apogee of a celestial body.
By conservation of energy we know that,

Where,

Replacing


Our values are given by,





Replacing at the equation,


Therefore the Energy necessary for Sputnik I as it moved from apogee to perigee was 
The acceleration of the jet is 
Explanation:
Since the jet motion is a uniformly accelerated motion (=constant acceleration), we can use the following suvat equation:

where
v is the final velocity
u is the initial velocity
a is the acceleration
s is the displacement
For the jet in this problem, we have
u = 0 (it starts from rest)
v = 40 m/s (final velocity)
s = 70 m (length of the runway)
Solving for a, we find the acceleration:

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Answer:
0.114 kg or 114 g
Explanation:
From the diagram attaches,
Taking the moment about the fulcrum,
sum of clockwise moment = sum of anticlockwise moment.
Wd = W'd'
Where W = weight of the mass, W' = weight of the meter rule, d = distance of the mass from the fulcrum, d' = distance of the meter rule.
make W' the subject of the equation
W' = Wd/d'................ Equation 1
Given: W = mg = 0.0515(9.8) = 0.5047 N, d = (39.2-16) = 23.2 cm, d' = (49.7-39.2) = 10.5 cm
Substitute these values into equation 1
W' = 0.5047(23.2)/10.5
W' = 1.115 N.
But,
m' = W'/g
m' = 1.115/9.8
m' = 0.114 kg
m' = 114 g