All categories

3 years ago

You have identified a substance to be solid in nature. Which characteristics will justify your identification?

Chemistry

2 answers:

katovenus [111]3 years ago

7 0

The correct answer for this question is D. Define volume, no molecular motion, lowest kinetic energy.

snow_tiger [21]3 years ago

6 0

Answer:

The correct option is D definite volume, no molecular motion, lowest kinetic energy.

Explanation:

Solid state is called one of the four essential ways in which matter appears, along with the liquid state, the gaseous state and plasma. These forms are called states of aggregation of matter.

Cohesion forces are the intermolecular forces of attraction that hold molecules together. In the case of molecules of solid substances, the cohesion forces that hold them together are strong, determining their stable shape and volume. In other words, the molecules occupy almost fixed positions, making the solids characterized by having constant shape and volume.

In the solid state, particles can only move by vibrating or oscillating around fixed positions, but they cannot move by moving freely along the solid, due to the close proximity of the molecules due to their high cohesion force.

Kinetic energy is related to the translational motion of the molecules. In this case, since motion is limited to vibrational energy and the individual molecules are held in place, the kinetic energy is low. As the temperature of a solid increases, the amount of vibration increases, but the solid maintains its shape and volume since the molecules are locked in place and do not interact with each other.

You might be interested in

List 3 elements that have similar properties or reactivity. Justify your answer with reasoning.

Rus_ich [418]

Answer:

Lithium, Potassium and Calcium

Explanation:

Because they are all in group one of the periodic table

7 0

3 years ago

What was the history and use of the periodic table?

cestrela7 [59]

In 1669 German merchant and amateur alchemist Hennig Brand attempted to created a Philosopher’s Stone; an object that supposedly could turn metals into pure gold. He heated residues from boiled urine, and a liquid dropped out and burst into flames. This was the first discovery of phosphorus.

In 1680 Robert Boyle also discovered phosphorus, and it became public.

In 1809 at least 47 elements were discovered, and scientists began to see patterns in the characteristics.

In 1863 English chemist John Newlands divided the then discovered 56 elements into 11 groups, based on characteristics.

In 1869 Russian chemist Dimitri Mendeleev started the development of the periodic table, arranging chemical elements by atomic mass. He predicted the discovery of other elements, and left spaces open in his periodic table for them.

In 1886 French physicist Antoine Bequerel first discovered radioactivity. Thomson student from New Zealand Ernest Rutherford named three types of radiation; alpha, beta and gamma rays. Marie and Pierre Curie started working on the radiation of uranium and thorium, and subsequently discovered radium and polonium. They discovered that beta particles were negatively charged.

In 1894 Sir William Ramsay and Lord Rayleigh discovered the noble gases, which were added to the periodic table as group 0.In 1897 English physicist J. J. Thomson first discovered electrons; small negatively charged particles in an atom. John Townsend and Robert Millikan determined their exact charge and mass.

In 1900 Bequerel discovered that electrons and beta particles as identified by the Curies are the same thing.

In 1903 Rutherford announced that radioactivity is caused by the breakdown of atoms.

In 1911 Rutherford and German physicist Hans Geiger discovered that electrons orbit the nucleus of an atom.

In 1913 Bohr discovered that electrons move around a nucleus in discrete energy called orbitals. Radiation is emitted during movement from one orbital to another.

In 1914 Rutherford first identified protons in the atomic nucleus. He also transmutated a nitrogen atom into an oxygen atom for the first time. English physicist Henry Moseley provided atomic numbers, based on the number of electrons in an atom, rather than based on atomic mass.

In 1932 James Chadwick first discovered neutrons, and isotopes were identified. This was the complete basis for the periodic table. In that same year Englishman Cockroft and the Irishman Walton first split an atom by bombarding lithium in a particle accelerator, changing it to two helium nuclei.

In 1945 Glenn Seaborg identified lanthanides and actinides (atomic number >92), which are usually placed below the periodic table.

8 0

3 years ago

Why don't satellites in orbit fly into space?

Alex787 [66]

This is a question similar to one wrestled with by Newton himself, who didn't understand why the planets didn't fall into each other. The reason satellites don't fly into space is because they are being pulled towards the planet by the planet's gravity.

7 0

3 years ago

Consider the following four structures: What is the relationship of I and II? What is the relationship of I and III? What is the

daser333 [38]

Answer:

The different structures are shown in the attachment.

I and II - structural isomers

I and III - Structural isomers

I and IV - structural isomers

II and III - structural isomers

II and IV - structural isomers

III and IV - stereoisomers

Explanation:

The knowledge of Isomerism is tested here; there are two types of isomerism ; structural and stereoisomerism.

Structural Isomers have similar molecular and different double bond positioning, these occurs mostly in ALKENE FAMILY.

Stereo-isomers have the same molecular formular and similar patterns but differ in their spatial arrangement. trans and cis are typical examples of stereo-isomers.

From the question; Relationship between I and II is that they are structural isomers since they have the same molecular formula, but different bond atom arrangement and infact they are the same compound.

Relationship between I and III is that they are structural isomers with similar molecular formular but differ in the double bond position.

Relationship between I and IV is that they are structural isomers with similar molecular formula but different double bond arrangement.

Relationship between II and III is that they are structural isomers with similar molecular formular but different double bond position

Relationship between II and IV is that they are also structural isomers with the same molecular formular but different double bond position.

Relationship between III and IV is that they are stereo-isomers with same molecular formula but different spatial arrangement, hence cis and trans.

4 0

3 years ago

5. Chemical formulas communicate the composition of a compound. Explain the difference in composition

Sonja [21]

Answer:

The correct formula for Aluminium Cyanide is Al(CN)3

Explanation:

<h3>Structure of AlCN3</h3>

N----- C -----N

<h3>Al(CN)3 is an ion consisting of one Al3+ ion and 3 (CN)- ions held by electrostatic force of attraction!!</h3>

3 0

2 years ago