Question

Consider the following four structures: What is the relationship of I and II? What is the relationship of I and III? What is the relationship of I and IV? What is the relationship of II and III? What is the relationship of II and IV? What is the relationship of III and IV?

Answer 1

Answer:

The different structures are shown in the attachment.

I and II - structural isomers

I and III - Structural isomers

I and IV - structural isomers

II and III - structural isomers

II and IV - structural isomers

III and IV - stereoisomers

Explanation:

The knowledge of Isomerism is tested here; there are two types of isomerism ; structural and stereoisomerism.

• Structural Isomers have similar molecular and different double bond positioning, these occurs mostly in ALKENE FAMILY.

• Stereo-isomers have the same molecular formular and similar patterns but differ in their spatial arrangement. trans and cis are typical examples of stereo-isomers.

From the question; Relationship between I and II is that they are structural isomers since they have the same molecular formula, but different bond atom arrangement and infact they are the same compound.

• Relationship between I and III is that they are structural isomers with similar molecular formular but differ in the double bond position.

• Relationship between I and IV is that they are structural isomers with similar molecular formula but different double bond arrangement.

• Relationship between II and III is that they are structural isomers with similar molecular formular but different double bond position

• Relationship between II and IV is that they are also structural isomers with the same molecular formular but different double bond position.

• Relationship between III and IV is that they are stereo-isomers with same molecular formula but different spatial arrangement, hence cis and trans.