The volume of the buffer solution having a ph value is calculated by henderson's hasselbalch equation.
Buffer solution is water based solution which consists of a mixture containing a weak acid and a conjugate base of the weak acid. or a weak base and conjugate acid of a weak base.it is a mixture of weak acid and a base. The pH of the buffer solution is determined by the expression of the henderson hasselbalch equation.
pH=pKa + log [salt]/[acid]
Where, pKa =dissociation constant , A- = concentration of the conjugate base, [HA]= concentration of the acid. Here, a buffer solution contains 0.403m acetic acid and 250 ml is added in order to prepare a buffer with a ph of 4.750. Putting all the values in the henderson hasselbalch equation we find the pH of the buffer solution.
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Explanation:
Since, it is shown that the reaction has been reversed. Therefore, value of 
will become 
.
Hence, new 
= 
= 20
Also, the number of moles of each reactant has been halved. So, 
for the reaction 
will also get halved.
Therefore, = 
= 
= 4.47
As the value of 
is given as +39.0 kJ. So, it means that the reaction is endothermic in nature. So, energy of reactants will be more than the products. Hence, according to Le Chatelier's principle reaction will move in the forward direction.
As a result, will also increase with increase in temperature.
A solution with a higher concentration of hydroxide ions than hydrogen ions is basic solution.
This solution formed by Base dissolved in water and release hydroxide ions.
The PH of the solution is greater than 7
Lithium is a good reducing agent because it is electropositive [it rapidly gains electrons]
fluorine is good oxidizing agent electronegative [it loses electrons fastly]
