A gaseous product is formed
Answer:
Tetrahedral, trigonal pyramidal, trigonal bipyramidal.
Explanation:
The VSPER theory states that the bonds of sharing electrons and the lone pairs of electrons will repulse as much as possible. So, by the repulsion, the molecule will have some shape.
In the ion PO₄³⁻, the central atom P has 5 electrons in its valence shell, so it needs 3 electrons to be stable. Oxygen has 6 electrons at the valence shell and needs 2 to be stable. 3 oxygens share 1 pair of electrons with P, and the two lone pair remaining in P is shared with the other O, then the central atom makes 4 bonds and has no lone pairs, the shape is tetrahedral.
In the ion H₃O⁺, the central atom O has 6 electrons in its valence shell and needs 2 electrons to be stable. The hydrogen has 1 electron, and need 1 more to be stable. The hydrogens share 1 pair of electrons with the oxygen, then it remains 3 electrons at the central atom, and the VSPER theory states that the shape will be a trigonal pyramidal.
In the AsF₅, the central atom As has 5 valence electrons, and F has 1 electron in its valence shell, so each F shares one pair of electrons with As, and there are no lone pairs in the central atom. For 5 bonds without lone pairs, the shape is trigonal bipyramidal.
Since nickles atomicnumber is 28, that means it has 28 protons, which are positively charged. To cancel out the positive charge and make it nuetral, there isalso 28 electrons which are negatively charged.
Nickel has 31 neutrons because an atoms mass is the number of protons + neutrons. The # of protons is 28. The mass # is 59. So, there are 31 neutrons.
The 4th energy level (row), 's' orbital block, 2nd group (column). The valence electrons are found in the highest energy level of the electron configuration in the 's' and 'p' orbitals. In the case of calcium this is 4s2 . This gives calcium an 's' orbital with a pair of electrons in its valence shell
