The percent yield of the calcium hydroxide is 84.5%.
<h3>What is stoichiometry?</h3>
Stoichiometry enables us to obtain the mass of a substance form the equation of the reaction.
The equation of the reaction is;
CaCO3 + 2HCl -----> CaCl2 + CO2 + H2O
Number of moles of X = 40.0 grams/100 g/mol = 0.4 moles
Number of moles of HCl = 850/1000 * 1 M = 0.85 moles
If 1 mole of CaCO3 reacts with 2 moles of HCl
0.4 moles of CaCO3 reacts with 0.4 moles * 2 moles/1 mole
= 0.8 moles of HCl
Hence X is the limiting reactant.
The reaction is 1:1 then the amount of CO2 produced is 0.4 moles
Mass of CO2 = 0.4 CO2 * 44 g/mol = 17.6 g
2) The reaction equation is; 2NaOH + CaCO3 ---> Ca(OH)2 + Na2CO3
Number of moles of X = 25.0 grams/100 g/mol = 0.25 moles
Number of moles of NaOH= 40/1000 L * 2 M = 0.08 moles
If 1 mole of X reacts with 2 moles of NaOH
0.25 moles reacts with 0.25 moles * 2 moles /1 mole
= 0.5 moles
NaOH is the limiting reactant
2 moles of NaOH produces 1 mole of CO2
0.08 moles of NaOH produces 0.08 moles * 1 mole/2 moles
= 0.04 moles of CO2
Theoretical yield of CO2 = 0.04 moles of CO2 * 74 g/mol = 2.96 g
Percent yield = 2.5 g/ 2.96 g * 100
= 84.5%
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