Answer:
Relative to the ground, the velocity of the aircraft is 240 km/hr
Explanation:
Relative velocity is different from normal velocity;
When 2 objects are moving in opposite directions towards each other, they will appear to be faster than they actually are;
This is known as the relative velocity;
The information tells us we have the aircraft moving 320 km/hr northwards relative to the wind;
The wind is in the opposite direction at 80 km/hr;
R = relative velocity of the aircraft
v = actual velocity of the aircraft
w = velocity of the wind
R = v + w
Note: if the wind was moving in the same direction, the formula would be R = v - w
320 = v + 80
v = 320 - 80
v = 240
The velocity relative to the ground is simply the actual velocity as the ground doesn't move;
So, relative to the ground, the velocity of the aircraft is simply 240 km/hr
Explanation:
(a)
Critical angle is the angle at the angle of refraction is 90°. After the critical angle, no refraction takes place.
Using Snell's law as:
Where,
is the angle of incidence
is the angle of refraction = 90°
is the refractive index of the refraction medium
is the refractive index of the incidence medium
Thus,
The formula for the calculation of critical angle is:
Where,
is the critical angle
(b)
No it cannot occur. It only occur when the light ray bends away from the normal which means that when it travels from denser to rarer medium.
To solve this problem we will apply the concept of wavelength, which warns that this is equivalent to the relationship between the speed of the air (in this case in through the air) and the frequency of that wave. The air is in standard conditions so we have the relation,
Frequency 
Speed of sound in air 
The definition of wavelength is,

Here,
v = Velocity
f = Frequency
Replacing,


Therefore the wavelength of that tone in air at standard conditions is 0.589m
Answer:
the armature and commutator
Explanation:
An electric generator converts mechanical energy to electrical energy. It is based on the principle that when a conducting coil rotates in the magnetic field, an electric current is generated.
The rotating part is known as Armature. Commutator is cylindrical in shape and connected to armature which rotates with it. It also connects the armature to the external circuit by brushes.
Slip rings are connected to armature coil to maintain an electrical contact with the brushes.