7. Given the balanced equation:

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4 0

Gas molecules have more freedom in motion—and gases can be thought of as more “disordered”—than molecules of a solid, which are rigidly held in place. When it comes to phases, the entropy increases as you go from a solid to liquid to gas (the gaseous state having the greatest entropy and the solid state having the least).

So, as a sample of solid iodine sublimes to form gaseous iodine, the entropy of the sample increases.

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A proton transfer reaction can occur when an aldehyde is placed in strong base, such as an alkoxide ion, producing an alcohol an

Pani-rosa [81]

Hi, you have not provided structure of the aldehyde and alkoxide ion.

Therefore i'll show a mechanism corresponding to the proton transfer by considering a simple example.

Explanation: For an example, let's consider that proton transfer is taking place between a simple aldehyde e.g. acetaldehyde and a simple alkoxide base e.g. methoxide.

The hydrogen atom attached to the carbon atom adjacent to aldehyde group are most acidic. Hence they are removed by alkoxide preferably.

After removal of proton from aldehyde, a carbanion is generated. As it is a conjugated carbanion therefore the negative charge on carbon atom can conjugate through the carbonyl group to form an enolate which is another canonical form of the carbanion.

All the structures are shown below.