Answer:
l = 0 → s = 2 electrons;
l = 1 → p = 6 electrons;
l = 2 → d = 10 electrons;
l= 3 → f = 14 electrons.
Explanation:
For the quantum theory, the probability to find an electron is higher in the space region called orbital. It's impossible to determine where the electron is and his velocity at the same time (uncertainty principle). So, the theory determines four quantum numbers to characterize an electron, so it's easy to identify it:
- n is the principal quantum number and identify the shell where the electron is. It varies from 1 to 7 and is represented by the letters K, L, M, N, O, P, and Q;
- l is the azimuthal quantum number and identify the subshell (or sublevel) where the electron is. It varies from 0 to 3 and is represented by the letters s, p, d, and f;
- ml is the magnetic quantum number, and it represents the orbital. It varies from -l to +l, passing by 0. Each orbital can have at least 2 electrons;
- ms is the spin number and represents the spin of the electrons. It can be +1/2 or - 1/2.
Then, the sublevel s (l= 0) only has 1 orbital (ml = 0) so, it can have ate least 2 electrons; the sublevel p (l= 1) has 3 orbitals (ml = -1, ml= 0, ml = +1), so it can have at least 6 electrons; the sublevel d (l = 2) has 5 orbitals (ml = -2, ml = -1, ml = 0, ml = +1, ml = +2), so it can have at least 10 electrons; and the sublevel f (l = 3) has 7 orbitals (ml = -3, ml = -2, ml = -1, ml = 0, ml = +1, ml = +2, ml = +3), so it can have at least 14 electrons.
We know that each millimeter contains 10⁻³ meters. Writing this as a ratio:
1 mm : 10⁻³ m
We require a conversion from m³ to mm³, so we must take the cube of the ratio we have made:
1 mm³ = (10⁻³)³ m³
Therefore, the conversion used will be:
(1 mm / 10⁻³ m)³
When we multiply by this conversion, we will get:
32 m³ = 32 x 10⁹ mm³
Answer:
A. A galvanic cell generates electrical current, and an electrolytic cell uses electrical energy to cause redox reactions to occur.
Explanation:
A galvanic cell produces electrical energy through the conversion of chemical energy whereas the electrolytic cell carries out the conversion of the electrical energy/current supplied to it into chemical energy. The reaction that takes place in the galvanic cell is spontaneous which is responsible for the electrical energy that is produced. The redox reaction in the electrolytic cell is not spontaneous. Electrical energy has to be supplied to it in order to initiate the reaction.
The answer would be letter A.Among the alkali earth metals, the tendency to react with other substances <span>increases from bottom to top within the group. We know that when there is an increase of metallic property, there will also be an increase of reactivity. </span>
