Hello! Force = mass * acceleration. We can go ahead and eliminate A and B, because those answers are too small. We can multiply 4.5 (mass) * 9 (acceleration) to find the amount of force needed. 4.5 * 9 is 40.5.The amount of force needed is 40.5 N. The answer is C: 40.5 N.
The vertical component is B) 7.9 m/s
Explanation:
A vector can be resolved into its horizontal and vertical components. The horizontal and the vertical components form the sides of a right triangle, in which the resultant corresponds to the hypothenuse, so we can use Pythagorean's theorem:

where
R is the resultant vector
Rx is the horizontal component
Ry is the vertical component
In this problem, we have:
R = 12 m/s is the resultant vector
Rx = 9 m/s is the horizontal component
Solving the formula for Ry, we find the vertical component:

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Answer:
How many electrons does an atom require to have a stable configuration?
eight electrons
In general, atoms are most stable, least reactive, when their outermost electron shell is full. Most of the elements important in biology need eight electrons in their outermost shell in order to be stable, and this rule of thumb is known as the octet rule.
How is this achieved in an ionic bond?
Ionic bonds are a class of chemical bonds that result from the exchange of one or more valence electrons from one atom, typically a metal, to another, typically a nonmetal. This electron exchange results in an electrostatic attraction between the two atoms called an ionic bond.
Covalent bonding occurs when pairs of electrons are shared by atoms. Atoms will covalently bond with other atoms in order to gain more stability, which is gained by forming a full electron shell. By sharing their outermost (valence) electrons, atoms can fill up their outer electron shell and gain stability.
Explanation:
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