The element has 83 electrons
Substitution Reactions are those reactions in which one nucleophile replaces another nucleophile present on a substrate. These reactions can take place via two different mechanism i.e SN¹ or SN². In SN¹ substitution reactions the leaving group leaves first forming a carbocation and nucleophile attacks carbocation in the second step. While in SN² reactions the addition of Nucleophile and leaving of leaving group take place simultaneously.
Example:
OH⁻ + CH₃-Br → CH₃-OH + Br⁻
In above reaction,
OH⁻ = Incoming Nucleophile
CH₃-Br = Substrate
CH₃-OH = Product
Br⁻ = Leaving group
Organic reactions are typically slower than ionic reactions because in organic compounds the covalent bonds are first broken, this breaking of bonds is a slower step, while, in ionic compounds no bond breakage is required as it consists of ions, so only bond formation takes place which is a quicker and fast step.
When PH + POH = 14
∴ POH = 14 -7 = 7
when POH = -㏒[OH-]
7 = -㏒ [OH-]
∴[OH-] = 10^-7
by using ICE table:
Mn(OH)2(s) ⇄ Mn2+ (aq) + 2OH-(aq)
initial 0 10^-7
change +X +2X
Equ X (10^-7 + 2X)
when Ksp = [Mn2+][OH-]^2
when Ksp of Mn(OH)2 = 4.6 x 10^-14
by substitution:
4.6 x 10^-14 = X*(10^-7+2X)^2 by solving this equation for X
∴ X =2.3 x 10-5 M
∴ The solubility of Mn(OH)2 in grams per liter (when the molar mass of Mn(OH)2 = 88.953 g/mol
= 2.3 x10^-5 moles/L * 88.953 g/mol
= 0.002 g/ L
