Answer with Explanation:
The acidity of an aqueous solution is a term used to identify how acidic the solution is. An acidic solution is a solution in which the concentration of hydrogen ions is greater than the concentration of hydroxide ions. In the other case around if the concentration of hydrogen ions is lesser than the concentration of hydroxide ions the solution is termed to be basic or alkaline. For a solution with equal concentration of hydrogen and hydroxide ions the solution is termed to be neutral.
The acidity of solutions is compared on the basis of the concentration of the hydrogen ions reduced to log of base 10 to ease calculations. The comparison is made in terms of 'pH' value which is defined as
![pH=-log[H^+]](https://tex.z-dn.net/?f=pH%3D-log%5BH%5E%2B%5D)
where
![[H^+]](https://tex.z-dn.net/?f=%5BH%5E%2B%5D)
is the hydrogen ion concentration of the solution in moles per liter of solution.
If the pH is < 7 the solution is acidic and the closer the pH value to 1 the higher is the acidity of the solution.
Answer:
Attached below
Explanation:
a) combustion gases in a cylinder during the power stroke is A closed system
b) Combustion gases in a cylinder during the exhaust stroke is an Open system
c) A balloon exhausting air is an Open system
d) It is a system
e) This is a control volume
Attached below is the sketch of the following situations
Answer:
Explanation:
Reynolds number:
Reynolds number describe the type of flow.If Reynolds number is too high then flow is called turbulent flow and Reynolds is low then flow is called laminar flow .
Reynolds number is a dimensionless number.Reynolds number given is the ratio of inertia force to the viscous force.
For plate can be given as
Where ρ is the density of fluid , v is the average velocity of fluid and μ is the dynamic viscosity of fluid.
Flow on plate is a external flow .The values of Reynolds number for different flow given as
Answer: ε₁+ε₂+ε₃ = 0
Explanation: Considering the initial and final volume to be constant which gives rise to the relation:-
l₀l₀l₀=l₁l₂l₃
taking natural log on both sides
Considering the logarithmic Laws of division and multiplication :
ln(AB) = ln(A)+ln(B)
ln(A/B) = ln(A)-ln(B)
Use the image attached to see the definition of true strain defined as
ln(l1/1o)= ε₁
which then proves that ε₁+ε₂+ε₃ = 0
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