Answer:
B. It is directly proportional to the source charge.
Explanation:
Gauss's law states that the total (net) flux of an electric field at points on a closed surface is directly proportional to the electric charge enclosed by that surface.
This ultimately implies that, Gauss's law relates the electric field at points on a closed surface to the net charge enclosed by that surface.
This electromagnetism law was formulated in 1835 by famous scientists known as Carl Friedrich Gauss.
Mathematically, Gauss's law is given by this formula;
ϕ = (Q/ϵ0)
Where;
ϕ is the electric flux.
Q represents the total charge in an enclosed surface.
ε0 is the electric constant.
Hence, the statement which is true of the electric field at a distance from the source charge is that it is directly proportional to the source charge.
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A) 750 m
First of all, let's find the wavelength of the microwave. We have
is the frequency
is the speed of light
So the wavelength of the beam is
Now we can use the formula of the single-slit diffraction to find the radius of aperture of the beam:
where
m = 1 since we are interested only in the central fringe
D = 30 km = 30,000 m
a = 2.0 m is the aperture of the antenna (which corresponds to the width of the slit)
Substituting, we find
and so, the diameter is
B) 0.23 W/m^2
First we calculate the area of the surface of the microwave at a distance of 30 km. Since the diameter of the circle is 750 m, the radius is
So the area is
And since the power is
The average intensity is
