A cladogram is a branching diagram that shows the cladistic relationship between a number species. It comes from the greek clados meaning branch and gramma meaning character. It is not to be confused with an evolutionary tree since it does not show the relationship between ancestors and descendants plus it also lacks the ability to show how they have changed over time. The major components of a cladogram are the tip (the start of the lineage), root (the end of the lineage) and node (where two or more lineages combine).
Meninges refers to the three layes of membranes surrounding the brain and spinal cord of the mammals. The inflammation of these protective membranes of the brain and the spinal cord caused by the infection of bacteria, virus or other microorganisms is called the meningitis.
A laboratory test to identify or rule out meningitis is the analysis if the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) by lumbar puncture. CSF is a colorless fluid filling the ventricles of the brain and the central canal of the spinal cord. Lumbar puncture is a techinque of isolating the CSF from the sac sround the spinal cord using a needle under a local anesthetic. The sample is then analysed for the opening pressure which is normally between 6 and 18 cm of water in a patient who is not infected with meningitis. Also, the levels of glucose in CSF is above 40% of that in blood in non-infected persons. If lactate levels are less than 35mg/dl, this will also rule out meningitis.
Fairly sure that would be secondary succession.
Answer:
Thus, the minimum number of photons per second is 77.34
Explanation:
Light intensity, 
= 
Pupil has a diameter, d = 8.5 mm
= 8.5 x 
m
Radius of the eye, r = 4.25 x m
∴ Area of the eye, A = 
= 
= 
Let 
be the minimum number of photons.
Therefore, = x A
= 
x 
= 
W
Thus the minimum number of photons is given by
where E = 
= 
= 
Therefore, 
= 
= 77.34 photons per second
Thus, the minimum number of photons per second is 77.34
