Question

Illustrate the law of law of multiple proportions using the formation of SO2 and SO3 by sulphur and oxygen

Answer 1

As illustrated from law of multiple proportion, the mass of the oxygen which combined with a fixed mass of the sulphur is in simple whole number ratio of 2 is to 3 (2:3).

The law of Multiple proportion states that when two elements combine to form more than one compound, the mass of the second element, which combines with a fixed mass of the first element, will always be ratios of small whole numbers.

To illustrate the law of multiple proportion from sulphur and oxygen, we use the given compounds.

The reaction of oxygen with sulphur to form SO₂ and SO₃:

$S \ + \ O_2 \ -----> SO_2\\\\2SO_2 \ + \ O_2 \ ---> \ 2SO_3$

atomic mass of oxygen = 16 g

atomic mass of sulphur = 32 g

• In the formation of SO₂:

mass of sulphur = 32 g and mass of oxygen = (2x16) = 32 g

• In the formation of SO₃:

mass of sulphur = 32 g and mass of oxygen = (3 x 16) = 48 g

Notice, while mass of sulphur is constant, mass of oxygen changed.

The ratio of mass of oxygen in the given two compounds = 32g : 48g = 2:3

Thus, based on the law of multiple proportion, the mass of the oxygen which combined with a fixed mass of the sulphur is in simple whole number ratio of 2 is to 3 (2:3).

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