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3 years ago

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You are trying to decide between two new stereo amplifiers. One is rated at 130 W per channel and the other is rated at 200 W pe

r channel. Part A In terms of dB, how much louder will the more powerful amplifier be when both are producing sound at their maximum levels?

1 answer:

NARA [144]3 years ago

7 0

Answer:

The sound level will be 1.870 dB louder.

Explanation:

Given that,

Power = 130 W

Power = 200 W

We need to calculate the sound level

Using formula of sound level

$I_{dB}=10\log(\dfrac{I}{I_{0}})$

For one amplifier,

$I_{1}=10\log(\dfrac{130}{I_{0}})$ ...(I)

For other amplifier,

$I_{2}=10\log(\dfrac{200}{I_{0}})$ ...(II)

For difference in dB levels

$I_{2}-I_{1}=10\log(\dfrac{200}{I_{0}})-10\log(\dfrac{130}{I_{0}})$

$I_{2}-I_{1}=10\log(\dfrac{200}{I_{0}}\times\dfrac{I_{0}}{130})$

$I_{2}-I_{1}=10\log(\dfrac{200}{130})$

$I_{2}-I_{1}=1.870\ dB$

Hence, The sound level will be 1.870 dB louder.

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A 2.964 kilogram truck strikes a fence at 7.00 meters/second and comes to

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Given parameters:

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Solution:

According to newton's third law of motion "action and reaction are equal and opposite".

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From newton's second law:

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We know that acceleration is the change in velocity with time;

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A mortar is like a small cannon that launches shells at steep angles. A mortar crew is positioned near the top of a steep hill.

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1) Distance down the hill: 1752 ft (534 m)

2) Time of flight of the shell: 12.9 s

3) Final speed: 326.8 ft/s (99.6 m/s)

Explanation:

1)

The motion of the shell is a projectile motion, so we can analyze separately its vertical motion and its horizontal motion.

The vertical motion of the shell is a uniformly accelerated motion, so the vertical position is given by the following equation:

$y=(u sin \theta)t-\frac{1}{2}gt^2$ (1)

where:

$u sin \theta$ is the initial vertical velocity of the shell, with $u=156 ft/s$ and $\theta=49.0^{\circ}$

$g=32 ft/s^2$ is the acceleration of gravity

At the same time, the horizontal motion of the shell is a uniform motion, so the horizontal position of the shell at time t is given by the equation

$x=(ucos \theta)t$

where $u cos \theta$ is the initial horizontal velocity of the shell.

We can re-write this last equation as

$t=\frac{x}{u cos \theta}$ (1b)

And substituting into (1),

$y=xtan\theta -\frac{1}{2}gt^2$ (2)

where we have choosen the top of the hill (starting position of the shell) as origin (0,0).

We also know that the hill goes down with a slope of $\alpha=-41.0^{\circ}$ from the horizontal, so we can write the position (x,y) of the hill as

$y=x tan \alpha$ (3)

Therefore, the shell hits the slope of the hill when they have same x and y coordinates, so when (2)=(3):

$xtan\alpha = xtan \theta - \frac{1}{2}gt^2$

Substituting (1b) into this equation,

$xtan \alpha = x tan \theta - \frac{1}{2}g(\frac{x}{ucos \theta})^2\\x (tan \theta - tan \alpha)-\frac{g}{2u^2 cos^2 \theta} x^2=0\\x(tan \theta - tan \alpha-\frac{gx}{2u^2 cos^2 \theta})=0$

Which has 2 solutions:

x = 0 (origin)

and

$tan \theta - tan \alpha=\frac{gx}{2u^2 cos^2 \theta}=0\\x=(tan \theta - tan \alpha) \frac{2u^2 cos^2\theta}{g}=1322 ft$

So, the distance d down the hill at which the shell strikes the hill is

$d=\frac{x}{cos \alpha}=\frac{1322}{cos(-41.0^{\circ})}=1752 ft=534 m$

2)

In order to find how long the mortar shell remain in the air, we can use the equation:

$t=\frac{x}{u cos \theta}$

where:

x = 1322 ft is the final position of the shell when it strikes the hill

$u=156 ft/s$ is the initial velocity of the shell

$\theta=49.0^{\circ}$ is the angle of projection of the shell

Substituting these values into the equation, we find the time of flight of the shell:

$t=\frac{1322}{(156)(cos 49^{\circ})}=12.9 s$

3)

In order to find the final speed of the shell, we have to compute its horizontal and vertical velocity first.

The horizontal component of the velocity is constant and it is

$v_x = u cos \theta =(156)(cos 49^{\circ})=102.3 ft/s$

Instead, the vertical component of the velocity is given by

$v_y=usin \theta -gt$

And substituting at t = 12.9 s (time at which the shell strikes the hill),

$v_y=(156)(cos 49^{\circ})-(32)(12.9)=-310.4ft/s$

Therefore, the final speed of the shell is:

$v=\sqrt{v_x^2+v_y^2}=\sqrt{(102.3)^2+(-310.4)^2}=326.8 ft/s=99.6 m/s$

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