Mostly because you need to understand the chain of command.
In a centralized organization, the decision making process fall to the hands of a very few people (in some case, it even can fall to one person) , which mean all level of managers can't move freely without the decision maker approval.
In a Decentralized organization, all different managers from different divisions have the authority to make decision
Answer:
Speed of the ball relative to the boys: 25 km/h
Speed of the ball relative to a stationary observer: 35 km/h
Explanation:
The RV is travelling at a velocity of

Here we have taken the direction of motion of the RV as positive direction.
The boy sitting near the driver throws the ball back with speed of 25 km/h, so the velocity of the ball in the reference frame of the RV is

with negative sign since it is travelling in the opposite direction relative to the RV. Therefore, this is the velocity measured by every observer in the reference frame of the RV: so the speed measured by the boys is
v = 25 km/h
Instead, a stationary observer outside the RV measures a velocity of the ball given by the algebraic sum of the two velocities:
v = +60 km/h + (-25 km/h) = +35 km/h
So, he/she measures a speed of 35 km/h.
There's an effect called The Doppler Effect, that's the "up and down" sound.
That frequency is 1.8mm and 115 per minute.
(Hope this helped.)
Answer:

Explanation:
F = Force = 
m = Mass of proton = 
t = Time taken = 
Acceleration is given by


The velocity of the proton is 
Answer:
132 N
Explanation:
Given that a 1.1 kg hammer strikes a nail. Before the impact, the hammer is moving at 4.5 m/s; after the impact it is moving at 1.5 m/s in the opposite direction. If the hammer is in contact with the nail for 0.025 s, what is the magnitude of the average force exerted by the hammer on the nail
From Newton 2nd law of motion,
Change in momentum = impulse.
Change in momentum = m( V - U )
Substitute all the parameters into the formula
Change in momentum = 1.1 ( 4.5 - 1.5 )
Change in momentum = 1.1 × 3
Change in momentum = 3.3 kgm/s
Impulse = Ft
That is,
Ft = 3.3
Substitute time t into the formula above
F × 0.025 = 3.3
F = 3.3 / 0.025
F = 132 N
Therefore, the magnitude of the average force exerted by the hammer on the nail is 132 N.