Answer:
Electrons are transferred between atoms together in the ionic compound. The ions are arranged in a regular repeating pattern in an ionic crystal
Explanation:
The statement the chemical makeup of the universe has changed dramatically provides evidence that supports the Big Bang Theory (Option D).
<h3>What is the Big Bang Theory?</h3>
The Big Bang Theory is a widely accepted theory in physics that states all the universe began with a huge explosion and form then matters expanded in space at the same time that it is cooling.
Therefore, with this data, we can see that the Big Bang Theory states that the chemical composition of the universe associated with hydrogen and helium modified since this explosion.
Learn more about the Big Bang Theory here:
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Answer:
pH =3.8
Explanation:
Lets call the monoprotic weak acid HA, the dissociation equilibria in water will be:
HA + H₂O ⇄ H₃O⁺ + A⁻ with Ka = [ H₃O⁺] x [A⁻]/ [HA]
The pH is the negative log of the H₃O⁺ concentration, we know the equilibrium constant, Ka and the original acid concentration. So we will need to find the [H₃O⁺] to solve this question.
In order to do that lets set up the ICE table helper which accounts for the species at equilibrium:
HA H₃O⁺ A⁻
Initial, M 0.40 0 0
Change , M -x +x +x
Equilibrium, M 0.40 - x x x
Lets express these concentrations in terms of the equilibrium constant:
Ka = x² / (0.40 - x )
Now the equilibrium constant is so small ( very little dissociation of HA ) that is safe to approximate 0.40 - x to 0.40,
7.3 x 10⁻⁶ = x² / 0.40 ⇒ x = √( 7.3 x 10⁻⁶ x 0.40 ) = 1.71 x 10⁻³
[H₃O⁺] = 1.71 x 10⁻³
Indeed 1.71 x 10⁻³ is small compared to 0.40 (0.4 %). To be a good approximation our value should be less or equal to 5 %.
pH = - log ( 1.71 x 10⁻³ ) = 3.8
Note: when the aprroximation is greater than 5 % we will need to solve the resulting quadratic equation.
Answer:
biggest problem with mainstream renewable energy is intermittency.
